Westlake, Martin (2017) Asymmetrical institutional responses to civil society clauses in EU international agreements: pragmatic flexibility or inadvertent inconsistency? Bruges Political Research Papers 66 / 2017. [Policy Paper]
Abstract
The European Union’s new, post-Doha Round, Free Trade Agreements include innovative Trade and Sustainable Development chapters that, with one recent exception, provide for monitoring of the implementation of the innovatory clauses through institutional architecture that is confusingly and inefficiently asymmetrical in terms both of composition and support mechanisms. Less than optimal implementation has, not surprisingly, led to less than optimal results.
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