"The European Union and Democratization ‘From Below’ in Turkey"

Kubicek, Paul. (2005) "The European Union and Democratization ‘From Below’ in Turkey". In: UNSPECIFIED, Austin, Texas. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

[From the Introduction]. This paper addresses this issue by examining the role of forces ‘from below’ within Turkey in the Turkish reform project and the role of the EU in encouraging such forces. As such, it seeks to understand the nexus between external and internal agents of democratization. As noted, if the reforms are more a European than a Turkish project and if they do not have diffuse support among the population or benefit from a sense of domestic ownership, one would expect both the accession process to be more difficult and the reforms to be poorly institutionalized. On the other hand, to the extent that the EU is able to work with Turks and foster acceptance of democratic norms and empower democratically-oriented forces within Turkey, one would be far more sanguine about democratic consolidation in Turkey.

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