Globalization Report 2020: How do developing countries and emerging markets perform? Globalization Report 2020.

Petersen, Thieß and Hartmann, Hauke (2020) Globalization Report 2020: How do developing countries and emerging markets perform? Globalization Report 2020. UNSPECIFIED.

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Abstract

Every two years, the Globalization Report examines how well individual countries have benefited from the pro-gressing globalization since 1990. The influence of changes of the respective degree of globalization on the real gross domestic product per capita of the country is calculated for 45 industrialized countries and emerging markets. 22 of the countries considered in the “Globalization Report 2020” are also assessed by the Bertelsmann Stiftung’s Transformation Index (BTI). The reports published since 2014 reflect that the emerging markets examined show the smallest increases in real gross domestic product (hereinafter: GDP) as a result of globalization in absolute figures (i.e. calculated in euros). These countries achieve some of the highest globalization-induced gains, however, if the same GDP gains are placed in relation to the GDP per capita in 1990 – the first year of the examination period. For the emerging mar-kets, the advancing globalization is, therefore, a way to increase material prosperity. At the same time, however, the real GDP per capita between emerging markets and developed countries continues to diverge between 1990 and 2018. For reasons of data availability, the developing countries are not included in the Globalization Report. However, a look at other sources shows that the degree of globalization in these countries is very low and generally still be-low that of most emerging markets. Their real GDP per capita is also lower than that of the emerging markets, which means that only small increases in GDP induced by globalization are possible. The gap between develop-ing countries and highly developed economies in terms of real GDP per capita is growing not only in absolute, but also in relative terms.

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