2024-03-29T01:44:50Zhttp://aei.pitt.edu/cgi/oai2
oai:aei.pitt.edu:74
2011-02-15T22:14:47Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:44303035303130
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
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The Commission White Paper and European Governance
Wincott, Daniel
Metcalfe, Les
Everson, Michelle
Armstrong, Kenneth A.
governance: EU & national level
European Commission
subnational/regional/territorial
[Introduction by Mark A. Pollack, series editor]. FIRST PROPOSED BY COMMISSION President Romano Prodi in February 2000, the Commission's White Paper on European Governance was designed to examine and make proposals about the concept of European governance, which was taken to encompass "rules, processes and behavior that affect the way in which powers are exercised at European level" (Commission 2000: 4). As Daniel Wincott recounts below, the White Paper itself was drafted by a "Governance Team" within the Commission, which in turn consulted widely among academics as well as government experts and civil society. For many observers, the White Paper promised a fundamental reconsideration of the aims of European governance; the respective roles of EU, national, and subnational institutions; the role of civil society in EU policymaking; and the possible development of new forms of governance including self-regulation, co-regulation, the open method of coordination, and independent regulatory agencies. After extensive consultation outside the Commission, and debate within it, the White Paper was finally released on 27 July. As per its mandate, the 35-page document discusses five principles of good governance-openness, participation, accountability, effectiveness, and coherence-and offers broadly formulated "proposals for change" in four areas: better involvement; better policies, regulation, and delivery; the EU's contribution to global governance; and refocused policies and institutions (Commission 2001). As Les Metcalfe points out in his essay below, the White Paper is less specific in its proposals than previous White Papers (such as Lord Cockfield's famous 1985 White Paper, Completing the Internal Market), but rather presents a broad analysis and calls for a period of public consultations, to continue through the end of March 2002, on the principles and proposals of the White Paper. Unfortunately, the timing of the White Paper's release, just before the August holidays, has meant that the public debate on its contents has begun slowly, with little press coverage or public debate. The Forum section of this issue of EUSA Review is therefore devoted to a preliminary analysis of the White Paper, with essays by Daniel Wincott, Les Metcalfe, Michelle Everson and Kenneth A. Armstrong. The first two of these essays examine the drafting and content of the White Paper against the political background of the Commission and the EU in recent years, while the last two examine two of the most important substantive issues raised by the White Paper (executive agencies and civil society, respectively). It is hoped that these essays-together with the on-line symposium established by the Harvard Jean Monnet Program (Joerges, M. and Weiler 2001; Scharpf 2001) and other scholarly contributions-will stimulate an active academic debate on the contents of the White Paper and the reform of European governance.
European Union Studies Association
Staats, Valerie
2001
Review Essay
PeerReviewed
text/html
http://aei.pitt.edu/74/1/GovernanceForum.html
Wincott, Daniel and Metcalfe, Les and Everson, Michelle and Armstrong, Kenneth A. (2001) The Commission White Paper and European Governance. [Review Essay]
http://aei.pitt.edu/74/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:795
2011-02-15T22:16:18Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D61727469636C65
The Internal Enlargement of the European Union and the Surplus of the Intermediate Level of Government
Larsson, Torbjörn
governance: EU & national level
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
subnational/regional/territorial
In recent years, many of the Member States have experienced dramatic changes in the organisation of their intermediate level governments, while new ways and channels have been established to enhance the interaction between the intermediate level and the EU institutions. The conditions for what can be described as multi-level governance are changing, and empowered intermediate-level governments are increasingly putting further and new demands on the functioning and organisation of the European Union and its institutions. In this article an overview is given of how the intermediate level of government in the Member States has changed and some of the problems connected with this. Furthermore, different types of interaction between the intermediate level and the EU institutions are examined. What we see in many Member States today is a situation in which new ways of organising the intermediate level of government have been introduced with the aim of improving efficiency and democracy, while old ways are maintained. Therefore, the intermediate level is becoming increasingly complex. In some unitary states the development is heading in a "federal" direction, whilst federal states seem to be embracing the federal character of government even further. But it is a rather strange type of “federalisation”, since in the same country both the degree of autonomy given to different geographical areas and the way in which these new intermediate-level governments are organised may differ quite substantially.
2000
Article
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/795/1/2000_2_4.pdf
Larsson, Torbjörn (2000) The Internal Enlargement of the European Union and the Surplus of the Intermediate Level of Government. EIPASCOPE, 2000 (2). pp. 1-9.
http://aei.pitt.edu/795/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:853
2011-02-15T22:16:32Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D61727469636C65
Vers un “fédéralisme à plusieurs niveaux”? Une analyse des procédures et pratiques de la participation des régions au processus décisionnel communautaire = Towards a "federalism of several levels"? An analysis of the procedures and practices of the participation of the regions in the Community decision-making process
Engel, Christian.
subnational/regional/territorial
La nécessité d’une implication renforcée des régions dans les processus décisionnels et politiques européens fait partie du processus de régionalisation du paysage politique européen dans les années 80 et 90. En vue de permettre la participation des régions à la politique européenne, tous les Etats à forte structure régionale ont adopté des procédures et des règles très formalisées. Cet article tente une comparaison entre les procédures et pratiques suivies dans les différents Etats membres et il ressort de cette comparaison que chaque Etat membre a finalement choisi de suivre sa propre voie en matière de coopération régionale sur le terrain de la politique européenne. L’approche adoptée en Autriche et en Allemagne, qui est celle d’une "participation compensatoire", correspond à un modèle interne de fédéralisme unitaire et coopératif, tandis que le système belge d’obligation de consentement dans les rapports internes et de division du travail dans les relations extérieures reflète le "système de séparation" belge et l’étend à l’espace communautaire. La pratique britannique correspond jusqu’ici à un système de gouvernement marqué moins par des règles fermes que par la flexibilité, le pragmatisme et les solutions au cas par cas, alors qu’en Espagne la coopération efficace des régions à la politique européenne se heurte à de nombreux facteurs imputables au modèle d’autonomie et au refus de la coopération de la part de l’Etat. Cet article arrive à la conclusion que la pratique de la coopération des régions à la politique européenne semble plutôt indiquer un renforcement des institutions, pratiques et processus nationaux à la suite du processus d’intégration que leur nivellement ou affaiblissement.
2001
Article
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/853/1/scop2001_1_2.pdf
Engel, Christian. (2001) Vers un “fédéralisme à plusieurs niveaux”? Une analyse des procédures et pratiques de la participation des régions au processus décisionnel communautaire = Towards a "federalism of several levels"? An analysis of the procedures and practices of the participation of the regions in the Community decision-making process. EIPASCOPE, 2001 (1). pp. 1-11.
http://aei.pitt.edu/853/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:1698
2011-02-15T22:19:39Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D64697363757373696F6E7061706572
When Dreams Come True: The Role of Powerful Regions in Future Europe, 2003. ZEI Discussion Paper: 2003, C 121
Horeth, Marcus.
subnational/regional/territorial
[From the Introduction]. ....I will return to the key question: what role could powerful regions play in future Europe? Several scenarios are possible, and especially the scenarios offered by representatives of constitutional regions are rather optimistic. Their basic premise is that a strong Europe needs strong regions as its constituent units. On the one hand this perspective is justified and legitimated, and, usually the underlying arguments of this thesis are craftily developed. On the other hand, alternative, even opposite, views are also possible. In order to demonstrate this rather pessimistic argument, I imagine Europe’s future, say in the year 2007, after the new Constitutional treaty is in force as such. Under this new treaty the regions have the rights and powers, which they should have following the proposals made in the Convention’s working group documents and following some proposals of some Members of the Convention. In other words, seen from the perspective of the regions, dreams will come true. As I will be a little more critical, my reflections are labelled under the provocative title "Do Dreams or Nightmares come true? The role of powerful regions in future Europe". I will present my critical, sometimes polemic reflections in two steps. First, I will offer a short view on the "dream" expressed by the "Assembly of European Regions" in view of the hearing at the European Convention at the end of June 2002. In a second step I imagine the situation in a couple of years, after all these dreams of the regions dreams come true, and will make some critical comments on the role of powerful regions in future Europe.
2003
Discussion Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/1698/1/dp_c121_hoereth.pdf
Horeth, Marcus. (2003) When Dreams Come True: The Role of Powerful Regions in Future Europe, 2003. ZEI Discussion Paper: 2003, C 121. [Discussion Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/1698/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:1729
2011-02-15T22:19:47Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F706768646F63
7375626A656374733D41:41303239
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
The Puzzles and Paradoxes of Europeanisation - Lessons from the Scottish Experience
Smith, James.
governance: EU & national level
U.K.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
subnational/regional/territorial
integration theory (see also researching and writing the EU in this section)
historical development of EC (pre-1986)
[Introduction]. In recent studies of Europeanisation the word ‘puzzle’ has proved to be a frequent visitor. In essence, this puzzle is seen to revolve around the belief that while membership of the European Union (EU) has wrought tremendous impact upon the shape and direction of national policies and policy processes, the impact upon the bureaucratic infrastructure of domestic government systems has by comparison been somewhat limited. Of late, however, a means of resolving this puzzle has been put forward. In short, the preoccupation of historical-institutionalist analysis with largely structural, institutional and procedural-based aspects of change may, it is argued, have led to the apparently divergent or contradictory paths taken by the respective policy-related and bureaucratic-administrative forms of Europeanisation. A less puzzling interpretation of developments might flow if, in addition to the purely institutionalist perspective, more attention were to be focused upon broader cultural factors and the role played by individuals within the context of bureaucratic adaptation processes. This paper attempts to follow the latter course by drawing on a historical-based study of the long-term impact of bureaucratic Europeanisation on a government department across a period of some twenty-five years. The focus is upon the relative depth of Europeanisation experienced in that particular case and the extent to which that Europeanisation was in fact influenced not only by structural and procedural aspects of the UK administrative system but also by cultural, actor-based and departmental-specific factors.
2003
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/1729/1/smith.pdf
Smith, James. (2003) The Puzzles and Paradoxes of Europeanisation - Lessons from the Scottish Experience. In: UNSPECIFIED, Sheffield, UK.
http://aei.pitt.edu/1729/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:1731
2011-02-15T22:19:47Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303330
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
Europeanisation at the Urban Level: Local Actors, Institutions and the Dynamics of Multi-Level Interaction
Marshall, Adam Jay.
regional policy/structural funds
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
subnational/regional/territorial
U.K.
Involvement in EU-sponsored programmes has provided urban institutions and actors across Europe with unprecedented access to new sources of information, legitimacy, and not least, financial support. From established local authorities to fledgling neighbourhood partnerships, actors across the urban spectrum see increased European involvement as a central component of innovative governance. This paper seeks to evaluate whether European working has provoked shifts in the institutionalised norms, beliefs, and values held by participants in governance at the city level, focusing in particular on the experience of British cities. In order to do so, the paper elaborates a four-part framework for Europeanisation at the urban level, and subsequently applies this framework to the empirical cases of Birmingham and Glasgow. It then attempts to draw some preliminary conclusions about how involvement in EU Structural Fund programmes affects embedded norms and practices in cities across the continent.
2004
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/1731/1/Marshall.pdf
application/msword
http://aei.pitt.edu/1731/2/Marshall.doc
Marshall, Adam Jay. (2004) Europeanisation at the Urban Level: Local Actors, Institutions and the Dynamics of Multi-Level Interaction. In: UNSPECIFIED, Sheffield, UK.
http://aei.pitt.edu/1731/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2033
2011-02-15T22:20:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D46:46303037
7375626A656374733D46:46303137
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
In the Laboratory of Europe: Governing the "Europe of Regions" on the Polish/German Frontier. University of Illinois EUC Working Paper, Vol. 4, No. 3
Asher, Andrew D.
governance: EU & national level
Germany
subnational/regional/territorial
Poland
In the aftermath of World War II, one of the primary motivations for creating the institutions that eventually evolved into the European Union (EU) was to ensure a more lasting peace in Europe by connecting, or "integrating," member nations in such a way that a resurgence of strong nationalism could not again lead to war. To this end, the EU has conceptualized Europe as a "Europe of Regions" through which it administers socioeconomic policies at the subnational level through local governments. These regional policies are also meant explicitly to counteract potential nationalism among the EU’s member nations. However, the governing structure of the EU itself privileges the sovereign nation-state, while the politics of the EU commonly fracture along national lines. Therefore, the EU creates tensions not only between the local regions and national governments, but also between the national and international governments. In this manner, local administrations can find themselves aligned with international institutions in opposition to their own national governments. This paper explores the tension and competition of three levels of governance (local, national, and international), within the EU by utilizing the case of transnational regional institutions called "Euroregions" located along the Polish/German Border. Because they are a hybrid form of governmentality, these Euroregions are a location where the conflict between different levels of government are played out "on the ground" through policy initiatives and projects directed at “integrating” Poland and Germany at the local level, and demonstrate the reorientation of the conception of state sovereignty in a transnational context.
2004-02
Working Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2033/1/ASHERWPSP2004.pdf
Asher, Andrew D. (2004) In the Laboratory of Europe: Governing the "Europe of Regions" on the Polish/German Frontier. University of Illinois EUC Working Paper, Vol. 4, No. 3. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/2033/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2041
2011-02-15T22:20:58Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D46:46303036
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F7067646D706D
7375626A656374733D46:46303037
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031727270
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Multi-level implementation networks: The case of medical devices and patient care"
Altenstetter, Christa.
governance: EU & national level
U.K.
regulations/regulatory policies
France
Germany
subnational/regional/territorial
decision making/policy-making
One objective of this paper is to understand the nature and the role of policy networks and multi-level regulatory decision-making systems in the field of medical devices, their composition and activities in a global context. The emphasis is on reconstructing the basic structure of the actors involved in multi-level regulatory processes rather than a systematic examination of the structure of each network type. This paper grows out of an ongoing cross-national research project entitled “Regulatory Regimes in Transition: The Medical Device Sector and Patient Care.” In 1995, it started out as an exploration of the implementation of regulatory policy specific to medical devices in the European Union, focusing on two levels of rule-making and rule-application and drawing a distinction between the formulation of policy and operations to carry it out: 1) the EU level of rule-making and implementation, and 2) the level of national and sub-national implementation. Through focused case studies of domestic implementation in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, the crossnational comparison has intended to identify similarities and differences in the implementation of European legislation, and shed light on the strengths and weaknesses of their responses at both the policy and levels of implementation from national to local.
2001
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2041/1/001535_1.PDF
Altenstetter, Christa. (2001) "Multi-level implementation networks: The case of medical devices and patient care". In: UNSPECIFIED, Madison, Wisconsin. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2041/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2058
2011-02-15T22:21:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D46:46303233
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F7067646D706D
7375626A656374733D46:46303138
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303230
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Policy networks and multi-level interactions: Environmental policy in Spain and Portugal
Bukowski, Jeanie.
governance: EU & national level
Portugal
Spain
subnational/regional/territorial
environmental policy (including international arena)
decision making/policy-making
In this paper I provide a framework that may help to move us closer to an answer to [the “so what”] question. Using policy networks analysis as a conceptual and descriptive tool, I first “map” the multiple and overlapping levels of authority characteristic of the multi-level governance structure. Within this structure, I then propose to track policy decisions from their formulation at the EU level through their implementation at the state and subnational levels. Determining the actors involved in the policy networks at the various levels, their policy preferences, their interactions, and the diplomacy outcomes across states and policy domains will provide empirical data necessary to build inductively toward an answer to the “so what” question.
2001
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2058/1/002028_1.PDF
Bukowski, Jeanie. (2001) "Policy networks and multi-level interactions: Environmental policy in Spain and Portugal. In: UNSPECIFIED, Madison, Wisconsin. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2058/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2137
2011-02-15T22:21:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"What do subnational offices think they are doing in Brussels?"
Marks, Gary
Haesly, Richard
Mbaye, Heather A. D.
subnational/regional/territorial
Are subnational offices decorative or are they substantively important? What do subnational governments hope to gain by funding offices in Brussels? Are they listening posts to detect upcoming legislation? Are they means to situate particular regions and localities in European networks of similar (or different) actors? Finally, and for our purpose most importantly, are they intended to influence policy making in the EU? Answers to these questions promise to deepen our understanding of the politics of multi-level governance in the EU. We know that supranational institutions exert real authority in EU decision making, and we also know that the authority of subnational governments has grown to significant proportions across several EU countries. We know far less, however, about how subnational and supranational actors connect.
2001
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2137/1/002132_1.pdf
Marks, Gary and Haesly, Richard and Mbaye, Heather A. D. (2001) "What do subnational offices think they are doing in Brussels?". In: UNSPECIFIED, Madison, Wisconsin. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2137/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2189
2011-02-15T22:21:35Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Subsidiarity and sovereignty: European regionalism and globalized legal relations"
Swaine, Edward T.
subnational/regional/territorial
This paper briefly explores [these] formal connections in the hope of stimulating broader consideration of the constitutional relationship between sub-national regionalism and its supra-national kin in a globalized world. First, to what extent is the Community obliged to devolve political authority downward to the regions, including responsibility for conducting international relations? Second, and conversely, do Community principles constrain the assignment by member states of foreign relations authority to regions? As explained below, the answers may be discouraging for those supposing that one form of regionalism may simply nest within the other, but will perhaps help redefine the ambitions of regionalism in a fashion better reconciled to its emerging tools. In particular, considering the proper limits to the foreign relations authority of the regions-part of what Francisco Aldecoa described as an area that "has hardly been studied at all"-may shine light on the responsibilities that should be permitted them as well.
2001
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2189/1/002674_1.pdf
Swaine, Edward T. (2001) "Subsidiarity and sovereignty: European regionalism and globalized legal relations". In: UNSPECIFIED, Madison, Wisconsin. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2189/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2198
2011-02-15T22:21:38Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303337
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:44303032303230
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:676C6F62616C69736174696F6E676C6F62616C697A6174696F6E
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"The political economy of globalisation and regional integration: The case of tax policy co-ordination in the European Union"
Ugur, Mehmet.
tax policy
regionalism, international
globalisation/globalization
subnational/regional/territorial
Globalisation and regional integration increase the scope for movement between jurisdictions. As a result, tax policy arbitrage and policy convergence can be expected to constrain public policy choices. Nevertheless, regional integration can also enable the policy-makers to reclaim policy autonomy as the rates of return on constituent loyalty are equalized by convergent policy choices. This paper reviews the debate and develops an analytical framework that enables us to explain the linkages between and policy implication of globalisation and regional integration in an open-ended manner. We propose a political economy framework that differentiates between market-driven and institutionalized policy convergence under increased interjurisdictional mobility. The proposed analytical framework is applied to the EU's experience in tax policy coordination. We observe that globalisation and the deepening of European integration have in fact enabled EU and national policy-makers to reclaim policy autonomy and make attempts to halt/reverse the market-driven process of tax competition. Although the pro-active co-ordination effort is still in its infancy, it constitutes a significant development that stands in contrast to the prisoners' dilemma outcomes of the 1980s and early 1990s.
2001
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2198/1/002666_1.pdf
Ugur, Mehmet. (2001) "The political economy of globalisation and regional integration: The case of tax policy co-ordination in the European Union". In: UNSPECIFIED, Madison, Wisconsin. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2198/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2238
2011-02-15T22:21:50Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D46:46303036
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303335:737067656E6572616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666707569657075
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303038
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303330
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
“Implementing Unity: Economic and Social Cohesion in France and Britain: Two Case Studies”
Carmichael, Laurence.
regional policy/structural funds
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
cohesion policy
France
political union & integration/European Political Union
general
subnational/regional/territorial
U.K.
Territorial implementation of EU policies is a crucial stage of EU policy process. Its examination uncovers two main dimensions of the integration cycle which make the new EU governance: Europeanisation and convergence. Each dimension offers clues as to the nature and limit of integration. This paper presents two case studies in which the above approach is tested. It examines the impact of EU structural policy on two training networks in France and the UK. It evaluates the impact of ESF on politico-administrative structures and defines domestic factors preventing policy harmonisation. The conclusion outlines bottom-up dynamics, the third major dimension of integration, and argues for a development of a more integrated EU approach to training.
1999
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2238/1/002646_1.pdf
Carmichael, Laurence. (1999) “Implementing Unity: Economic and Social Cohesion in France and Britain: Two Case Studies”. In: UNSPECIFIED, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2238/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2246
2011-02-15T22:21:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303036
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:65636F6E6F6D696366696E616E6369616C61666661697273:656661454D55454D536575726F
7375626A656374733D46:46303131
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:65636F6E6F6D696366696E616E6369616C61666661697273:65636F6E6F6D696366696E616E6369616C6166666169727362706561
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303330
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
“Local Interests Confront the Euro: Evidence from France and Italy”
Constantelos, John.
regional policy/structural funds
Italy
France
subnational/regional/territorial
business/private economic activity
EMU/EMS/euro
The lengthy countdown to economic and monetary union (EMU) was a time filled with projections, planning, and politics. Scholars have examined closely the impact of EMU on firms, groups, parties, governments and other political and economic actors. Most of our attention has focused on Brussels and the national capitals, where key decisions are taken. Adjustment to economic integration takes place, however, throughout the EU, and so far we have paid far less attention to politics away from the center. This paper examines the politics of adjustment to EMU by business groups in two regions: Liguria, Italy and Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, France. The central questions of this exploratory study are: what are the political strategies favored by regional associations, and do they engage in political actions that go beyond those customarily expected of sub-national groups? I begin with a brief discussion of the theoretical impact of economic and monetary union. This is followed by an examination of the political responses at the national level to the introduction of the single currency in the two case study countries, France and Italy. The fourth section examines the theoretical basis for a multi-level approach to modeling the political strategies of groups, and describes the research design of this comparative study of regional business responses to EMU. The final three sections describe and analyze the impact and political responses of business to the single currency in Marseilles and Genoa.
1999
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2246/1/002213_1.PDF
Constantelos, John. (1999) “Local Interests Confront the Euro: Evidence from France and Italy”. In: UNSPECIFIED, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2246/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2312
2011-02-15T22:22:13Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
“The Evolution and Transformation of European Governance”
Kohler-Koch, Beate.
governance: EU & national level
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
subnational/regional/territorial
The European Community (EC) is governed without government and, therefore, it is bound to be governed in a particular way. In addition, EC governance is penetrating into the political life of member states and its particular mode of governing may disseminate across national borders. These, in a nutshell, are the two hypotheses that will be tested. The first is that Europe’s supranational Community functions according to a logic different from that of the representative democracies of its member states. Its purpose and institutional architecture are distinctive, promoting a particular mode of governance. The second is that the process of ‘Europeanisation,’ that is extending the boundaries of the relevant political space beyond the member states, will contribute to a change of governance at national and sub-national levels. Being a member of the EU is concomitant with the interpenetrating of systems of governance; any polity which is part of such a ‘penetrated system’ is bound to change in terms of established patterns of governing.
1999
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2312/1/002605_1.pdf
Kohler-Koch, Beate. (1999) “The Evolution and Transformation of European Governance”. In: UNSPECIFIED, Pittsburgh, PA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2312/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2370
2011-02-15T22:22:28Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D46:46303130
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303330
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
“The Reform of the EU Structural Funds: Administrative Adaptation and the Prospects for Regionalisation in Ireland”
Rees, Nicholas
Farrows, Martyn.
governance: EU & national level
Ireland
regional policy/structural funds
subnational/regional/territorial
The paper is organised around six sections. The first section explores the relationship between European integration and the regional context by considering how and in what ways it is possible to conceptually and theoretically think about this relationship. Following this preliminary discussion the next section examines the impact of European integration, especially the structural funds, on the Irish case. In particular, this is schematically organised around the notions of a variety of constitutional/political, administrative and economic impacts on Ireland. Section three considers the recent negotiations over the structural funds, examines who the players have been and what the negotiations have entailed. The penultimate sections look at Ireland and the negotiations, particularly with a view to understanding the debate over reform within Ireland and the debate amongst the member states and their representatives at the European level. In conclusion, the paper returns to the issue of whether the notion of multi-level governance is useful to understanding the Irish case and whether European integration has significantly impacted below the national level on the sub-national actors and processes in Ireland.
1999
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2370/1/002576_1.PDF
Rees, Nicholas and Farrows, Martyn. (1999) “The Reform of the EU Structural Funds: Administrative Adaptation and the Prospects for Regionalisation in Ireland”. In: UNSPECIFIED, Pittsburgh, PA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2370/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2389
2011-02-15T22:22:33Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303033
7375626A656374733D46:46303036
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
“Beyond ‘Connections in Brussels’: The Multi-Level Representation of Agriculture in Two French Regions”
Smith, Andy.
France
agriculture policy
subnational/regional/territorial
Given the conclusions reached in both these fields of study, the challenge for research in political science can no longer simply be to show that regions or sectors are important parts of the “domestic politics” input into European integration. Instead, its goal must now be to try to explain how different sets of actors within regions and sectors have simultaneously come to integrate the effects of European integration into their own practices and, in so doing, participated directly or by default in shaping this very dynamic. Put bluntly, two questions need to be addressed: why do certain sets of regional or sectoral actors “fit” more comfortably than others into a European-wide polity? what are the normative and analytical consequences of this variable geometry?
1999
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2389/1/002526_1.pdf
Smith, Andy. (1999) “Beyond ‘Connections in Brussels’: The Multi-Level Representation of Agriculture in Two French Regions”. In: UNSPECIFIED, Pittsburgh, PA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2389/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2530
2011-02-15T22:22:47Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F7067646D706D
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303330
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"The extended gatekeeper: Central government and the implementation of EU regional policy in the UK"
Bache, Ian.
governance: EU & national level
regional policy/structural funds
subnational/regional/territorial
U.K.
decision making/policy-making
The policy networks approach is used to evaluate the merits of multi-level governance as a model of EU decision-making. According to the multi-level governance model, "decision-making competencies are shared by actors at different levels rather than monopolized by state executives" (Marks, Hooghe, and Blank 1996: 346). This model is tested in relation to the implementation of EU regional policy in the UK for two reasons. First, that regional policy, along with other EU structural policies, is considered to be at "the leading edge of multi-level governance in which supranational, national, regional, and local governments are enmeshed in territoriality overarching policy networks" (Marks, 1993: 402). And second, that "multi-level governance is prominent in the implementation stage" (Marks, Hooghe and Blank, 1996: 365). In the terms specified by the advocates of multi-level governance, there would appear to be no better case study than the implementation of EU regional policy.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2530/1/002874_1.PDF
Bache, Ian. (1997) "The extended gatekeeper: Central government and the implementation of EU regional policy in the UK". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2530/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2540
2011-02-15T22:22:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F7067646D706D
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303230
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Multi-level and cross-level governance and the implementation and revision of European Union water legislation"
Brown, M. Leann
Garman, Julie.
subnational/regional/territorial
U.K.
environmental policy (including international arena)
decision making/policy-making
National domestic factors, members' interests and power, negotiating dynamics, transnational interest groups and regional actors and structures may be important shapers of EU policy. No single interest factor adequately explains its complicated politics and procedures--the more important objective is to identify a model sufficiently nuanced to explain how these factors interact to yield regional policy. This qualitative study delineates the panoply of actors, the interactions, and strategies associated with British-EU disputes over the implementation and revision of water quality directives between 1985 and the mid-1990s, to explore the possibility that the evolving concept of "governance" may very well provide an umbrella broad enough to account for EU decision making. The data suggest that governance is a heuristically useful and empirically valid way to conceptualize EU water politics. Political interactions to affect the water legislation were based on an intersubjective consensus that clean water is a worthy policy objective. A multiplicity of factors influenced the policy process: many actors, interactions and strategies; power assets and coalitions; consensual knowledge, informational and propaganda factors; institutional procedures; etc. Activities to influence policy moved outwardly toward regional actors such as EU bodies and transnational alliances, and inwardly toward subnational interest groups rather than remaining strictly confined to those with legal and constitutional authority to negotiate and legislate.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2540/1/002863_1.PDF
Brown, M. Leann and Garman, Julie. (1997) "Multi-level and cross-level governance and the implementation and revision of European Union water legislation". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2540/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2541
2011-02-15T22:22:53Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D46:46303233
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F7067646D706D
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303230
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Policy networks and complex interactions in the European Union: Environmental policy in Spain"
Bukowski, Jeanie.
governance: EU & national level
Spain
subnational/regional/territorial
environmental policy (including international arena)
decision making/policy-making
This paper address governance and decision-making in the European Union. It takes a multi-level governance perspective; that is, it assumes that governing authority is diffused across levels (supranational, national and subnational) within the European Union. Units within this emerging structure increasingly share resources, interests and influence over policy decisions. Similar to what Grodzins recognized in his "marble cake" conceptualization of the American federal system, the emerging decision-making structure in the EU is fragmented and characterized by "many overlapping governments (and I would argue non-governmental actors) involved in many overlapping functions" and by multiple points of access to decision-making processes (1966: 25). Policy network analysis is a realistic tool for analyzing the complexity of interactions within the multi-level structure of this evidence. This study 1) establishes policy network analysis as a tool within the multi-level governance framework; 2) provides preliminary empirical evidence within the structure of policy network analysis through an investigation of environmental policy in Spain; and 3) discusses the theoretical implications of this evidence.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2541/1/002509_1.pdf
Bukowski, Jeanie. (1997) "Policy networks and complex interactions in the European Union: Environmental policy in Spain". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2541/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2582
2011-02-15T22:23:04Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:44303033303038
7375626A656374733D46:46303037
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Multi-level governance in European Union Treaty formation"
Fountain, JoEllyn Murillo.
governance: EU & national level
Maastricht Treaty
Germany
subnational/regional/territorial
In this paper, I demonstrate that adherents of multi-level governance should not be so willing to concede central government dominance in treaty making to state-centrists and should challenge the assertion that the EU is characterized by intergovernmentalism based on treaty formation. An investigation into the role of the German Lander in the negotiation and ratification of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) reveals that multi-level governance was indeed present in treaty formation through the active participation of the Lander in the domestic structures of German EC decision making for the Maastricht negotiations, their direct participation in the transnational negotiations as members of the German delegation, and their interaction and cooperation with other "regions" to achieve their goals. These procedures for Lander participation in EU Treaty formation do not end with the Maastricht Treaty but became part of the German Basic Law (constitution) so that all future treaty negotiations will contain these same elements. By demonstrating the presence of multi-level governance in the formation of the TEU I present a crucial case for testing state-centric versus multi-level governance approaches. By finding the existence of multi-level governance in the "high" politics of treaty making, I am thereby able to advance the approach and theorization about the multi-level governance of the European Union.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2582/1/002829_1.PDF
Fountain, JoEllyn Murillo. (1997) "Multi-level governance in European Union Treaty formation". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2582/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2635
2011-02-15T22:23:18Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Sub-national authorities and European integration: Moving beyond the nation-state?"
Jeffrey, Charlie.
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
The 1990s have seen intense discussion of the role of sub-national authorities (SNAs) in European integration. A burgeoning literature has emerged on what has been termed 'sub-national mobilisation' (Hooghe, 1995) in the EU: the growing engagement of sub-national governmental actors with the institutions and processes of EU policy making. The features of this 'mobilisation' have been widely documented: the establishment within some member states of formal mechanisms of involvement of sub-national governments in EU policy-making: the wider refocusing of policy activity and strategy of sub-national governments throughout the Union onto an EU-related agenda; the post-1988 reforms of the structural funding process which have demanded, at least on paper, fuller sub-national involvement in European structural policy; the establishment and activity of organisations of inter-regional cooperation focused on the EU; the location of ever-growing numbers of regional information and liaison offices in Brussels; and the EU treaty changes which have opened up the possibility of sub-national input into the Council of Ministers, created the Committee of the Regions, and established the principle of subsidiarity as a part of the currency of sub-national debate about Europe. This paper does not take issue with the broad notion of transformation. The relative roles played by SNAs and central state institutions in EU policy-making have indisputably been recalibrated in a significant way. It does take issue, though, with the idea that the transformation consists in SNAs moving beyond the central state, that SNAs have become internationalised and now stride purposefully and with significant independent policy influence in the extra-state arena of European policy-making. These assertions do not accord with an empirical reality which, I argue, suggests that the real transformation in the relative roles of SNAs and the central state in EU policy-making has taken place in the intra-state arena.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2635/1/002803_1.PDF
Jeffrey, Charlie. (1997) "Sub-national authorities and European integration: Moving beyond the nation-state?". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2635/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2643
2011-02-15T22:23:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F706768646F63
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Europe and the regions: Past, present and future"
Keating, Michael
Pintarits, Sylvia.
subnational/regional/territorial
historical development of EC (pre-1986)
Territorial politics has been a recurrent feature of the European state, although it has often been neglected in favour of state-centred analyses in the social sciences. The phenomenon of regionalism presents particular analytical difficulties, since it covers a multitude of phenomena, and regions can be defined according to many different criteria. They can be seen as purely geographical, they can be defined to economic or cultural criteria, or they can be self-identifying, based on a sentiment of common identity. Regionalism, similarly, can be seen as a cultural movement, as a way of promoting economic development, or as a demand for self-government. It may be directed at the state, in the form of demands for resources or policy concessions, or it may aim at the achievement of local autonomy. In this article, we adopt a political economy approach, focusing on the linkages between regions as economic entities on the one hand, and political mobilization and institutionalization on the other. We first trace the dynamic of state-region relations in the modern nation state, then examine the impact of European integration. It has sometimes been argued that the twin pressures of regional assertion and European integration are squeezing the nation state, leading to new political order loosely described as a ‘Europe of the Regions.’ We agree that the European context has altered the dynamics of territorial politics in important ways, but that the future development of this will depend on the extent and type of future European integration. In one scenario, regionalist pressures are likely to increase to the point of putting the nation state in peril. In another, we will see a continued three-level game among states, regions, and the European Union. In the third, we see a re-nationalization of territorial politics.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2643/1/002562_1.pdf
Keating, Michael and Pintarits, Sylvia. (1997) "Europe and the regions: Past, present and future". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2643/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2649
2011-02-15T22:23:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303330
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Regional policy styles and regional propensity to go European"
Knodt, Michèle.
regional policy/structural funds
subnational/regional/territorial
According to our conceptual framework we were interested in a number of factual questions: 1) Is there a shared belief in guiding concepts as propagated by the European Union such as the attractiveness of a more important role for regions in European affairs; the benefits of joining the EU’s competitive strategies; and, the superiority of co-operative governance? 2) How did regional actors adapt to the deepening of European integration in terms of administrative reforms; a revision of lobbying strategies; and, getting involved in public-private partnerships? (Kohler-Koch and Knodt 1997). On some of our main hypotheses we would like to present our findings and discuss possible explanations: 1) the propensity to support an enhanced role for regions in European affairs depends on benefits to be gained and capacities to use them; 2) there is a co-variance between cognitive orientation and established practices and routines; 3) the support for co-operative European government is strong among regional actors that have a long tradition in joint decision-making and pride themselves on pursuing an open-minded public-private partnership; and 4) when policy studies are close to "network governance," and regions are more likely to be active participants in transregional networks and make effective use of European resources offered (Kohler-Koch and Knodt 1997).
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2649/1/002792_1.PDF
Knodt, Michèle. (1997) "Regional policy styles and regional propensity to go European". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2649/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2650
2011-02-15T22:23:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Interactive governance: Regions in the network of European politics"
Kohler-Koch, Beate.
subnational/regional/territorial
This paper presents in a condensed version the theoretical approach, the research outline and the main findings of a collaborative research project on the resurgence of territorial politics in Europe. It starts from the assumption that regionalization, i.e. the growing importance attributed to regions, is part of an encompassing restructuring of political space. There is an interdependent process of regionalization and Europeanization which might not just end up in a more complex system of multilevel governance but produce a transformation of the prevalent mode of governance. What we are interested in is the kind of bottom-up institutional change that comes about by the intentional or unintended action of a multitude of decentralized actors and that rests on the dissemination of shared concepts of appropriate and legitimate governance.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2650/1/002791_1.PDF
Kohler-Koch, Beate. (1997) "Interactive governance: Regions in the network of European politics". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2650/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2666
2020-02-16T15:56:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303332
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303330
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Wales in Europe: Welsh regional actors and European integration"
Loughlin, John
Mathias, Jörg.
regional policy/structural funds
rtd (RTD) policy/European Research Area
U.K.
subnational/regional/territorial
The phrase "Wales in Europe," increasingly heard in recent years, has provoked a number of different reactions in Wales: fears, hopes and, perhaps, indifference. Could Wales, as a "stateless nation," have a higher profile on the European scene like Catalonia, another "region" which defines itself as a nation? The key question here is how Welsh interests--in terms of the social, political and economic development of Wales--might be best represented in Europe. Should Wales be allowed to become more actively an actor on the European scene in its own right? This report consists of four main parts: 1) the economic situation in Wales and existing EU funding in Wales; 2) general perceptions of the nature of governance in Europe and of the nature of politics in Wales; 3) responding to the European challenge in Wales: organisational restructuring and networking activities of Welsh institutions and organisations; and 4) practical experiences and problems in regional development policy and research and development policy.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2666/1/002783_1.PDF
Loughlin, John and Mathias, Jörg. (1997) "Wales in Europe: Welsh regional actors and European integration". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2666/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2669
2011-02-15T22:23:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:44303035303031
7375626A656374733D46:46303233
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Europe’s regions in a new system of governance? The case of Catalonia in Spain and the EU"
Malloy, Michael.
Spain
subnational/regional/territorial
Committee of Regions
During the 1990s there has been an explosion of administrative activity at the regional level in Europe as the EU continues to develop funding initiatives for regional projects, economic develop, and "cohesion." Starting with its initial sessions on March 9-10, 1994 the Committee of the Regions now consults the Council and the Commission on a wide variety of issues concerning the regions. Since the Maastricht conference of 1991 the prospect of this new regional body within the EU, couple with the transfer of state competencies to the supranational level, have generated much debate about its potential impact upon the modern European state. Is the modern European state being eroded from below and absorbed from above? This paper disagrees with the "multi-level governance" argument and resists the implication present in the above views that the modern European state will fundamentally change in the near future. The EU is becoming a more significant center of political power, and the regions are a growing presence in the policy process, but my findings indicate that the political dynamics at the European level are not altering the fundamental reality of the modern European state. Furthermore, when significant change does occur it is the product of domestic political dynamics within specific states; such power redistribution towards distinctive peripheries is not a result of regional activity at the European level.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2669/1/002781_1.PDF
Malloy, Michael. (1997) "Europe’s regions in a new system of governance? The case of Catalonia in Spain and the EU". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2669/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2671
2011-02-15T22:23:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303038
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Regional or local? The EU's future partners in cohesion policy"
McAleavey, Paul
Rynck, Stefan.
cohesion policy
subnational/regional/territorial
We argue that policy responses have been organised in primarily regional terms in recent years, but that a new concern for sub-regional policy responses is increasingly apparent. In taking the content of EU cohesion policy as our starting point, we find that a new focus at the micro-level is being promoted by the European Commission as a result of its policy aim to increase targeting, this in turn being viewed as a mechanism to respond more effectively to real disparities as they are currently experienced by EU citizens. By entering the debate through an analysis of the content of EU cohesion policy, we are then able to speculate on the future shape of territorial political mobilisation around this policy area and suggest an enhanced role for local-level actors.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2671/1/002779_1.PDF
McAleavey, Paul and Rynck, Stefan. (1997) "Regional or local? The EU's future partners in cohesion policy". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2671/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2679
2011-02-15T22:23:30Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D41:41303239
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Territorial politics and the study of the European Union"
Mitchell, James.
integration theory (see also researching and writing the EU in this section)
subnational/regional/territorial
Much work has been done on European regional policy and its implications for European integration. However, there has been little on what the rich literature on territorial politics could offer to the study of European integration. This is not to suggest that it has been entirely ignored, just that there is much untapped wealth which could help further our understanding of the processes involved in European integration and the nature of decision-making in the European Union. This paper considers two branches of this literature. First, it is suggested that the rise of regionalism and regionalist movements developed within national states might tell us something about the process of European integration. Second, it is suggested that the literature on inter-governmentalism within territorial politics (as distinct from the quite different school of inter-governmentalism within the study of international relations) offers further insights into the study of the European Union.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2679/1/002772_1.PDF
Mitchell, James. (1997) "Territorial politics and the study of the European Union". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2679/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2685
2011-02-15T22:23:32Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303036
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Territorialized political exchange and European integration"
Negrier, Emmanuel.
France
subnational/regional/territorial
This paper intends to examine how a political exchange perspective could be useful to improve the study of relationships between levels of governance, and within such levels, in the process of regional European integration. First it will be necessary to present the conceptual basis of territorial political exchange. Such a presentation will focus first on a critical discussion of Leonardo Parri’s model. We will then set out the different dimensions of our territorial political exchange definition. It will then be possible to illustrate such a model with several examples drawn from our fieldwork and also that of several colleagues. This analytical implementation will successively focus on the question of regionalization in France, then on multi-level governance in a political exchange perspective, and finally on links between political exchange and regional mobilization.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2685/1/002767_1.PDF
Negrier, Emmanuel. (1997) "Territorialized political exchange and European integration". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2685/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2712
2011-02-15T22:23:40Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:44303035303130
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303330
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Post-modern Europe and inter-regional cooperation in the European Union"
Rees, Nicholas.
regional policy/structural funds
European Commission
subnational/regional/territorial
Regions, cities, local authorities and community groups are being encouraged by Brussels to participate in the policy process. Thus, top-down development, dominant in post-war Europe and led by national governments, is being challenged and confronted by bottom-up initiatives that involve local actors in partnerships which stretch across the borders of Europe and which are supported by EU programmes. This paper looks at what has been happening to the European polity and examines the ways in which the EU has promoted and fostered interregional cooperation in this new policy environment, examines the impact of such cooperation on development and considers what the future may hold for interregional cooperation. This paper is organised around six sections, the first examines the changing nature of the European policy, the regions and the role of the EU in regional policy. The second and third sections look at the European Commission and the development of interregional cooperation under Article 10. The paper then considers the impact of Article 10 from the perspectives of the Commission and from that of the local and regional actors, while the penultimate section examines the changes being implemented during the 1995-1999 round of funding. The conclusion returns to consider the questions posed at the outset of the paper and considers what answers have been offered.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2712/1/002746_1.PDF
Rees, Nicholas. (1997) "Post-modern Europe and inter-regional cooperation in the European Union". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2712/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2752
2011-02-15T22:23:51Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303439
7375626A656374733D46:46303036
7375626A656374733D46:46303037
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Strength in diversity? French and German regional responses to European Union educational initiatives"
Wegener, Kara P.
Hega, Gunther M.
education policy/vocational training
France
Germany
subnational/regional/territorial
This paper examines the relations between the regional, national and supra-national levels of government within the European Union (EU). Specifically, it compares the responses of the 22 French regions and the 16 Germans states to the EU’s initiatives in education policy. The hypothesis set forth is that both the French and German regional governments have greatly benefited from EU policies such as Socrates/Erasmus and Leonardo that aim to integrate the education policies of the EU member states. The evidence suggests that by participating in these programs the national governments of France and Germany have lost policy-making competence to the higher level of government, i.e. the European Union, and to the lower level of government, the French regions and the German Länder. This is called the "sandwich hypothesis" because the national governments are seen to be squeezed between the growing power of the EU supra-national institutions, on the one hand, and the increasing influence of the regional governments, on the other hand. Our paper thus sheds some light on the theoretical discussion of the changing role of the nation-state facing the twin forces of internationalization and regionalization within the European Union.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2752/1/003774.1.pdf
Wegener, Kara P. and Hega, Gunther M. (1997) "Strength in diversity? French and German regional responses to European Union educational initiatives". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, Washington. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2752/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2843
2011-02-15T22:24:11Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:44303032696E7465726E6174696F6E616C65636F6E6F6D79
7375626A656374733D46:46303130
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303138:656C6D656D706C6F796D656E74756E656D706C6F796D656E74
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:676C6F62616C69736174696F6E676C6F62616C697A6174696F6E
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Employment programs in Ireland 1987-1999: National, sub-national and supra -national governance in a globalized political economy"
Boyle, Nigel.
Ireland
international economy
globalisation/globalization
employment/unemployment
subnational/regional/territorial
This paper examines how sovereignty is being reconfigured in the Irish political economy. The constitutive features of the "Celtic Tiger" are characterized as: (a) a strategically "competitive nationalism" focused on maximizing foreign direct investment, (b) a simultaneously internationalized and localized domestic governance regime centered on a European model of "competitive social partnership," and (c) a "flexible developmental state" that enjoyed "embedded autonomy." The conventional explanation of the Celtic Tiger focuses on the alliance between an insulated, technocratic state agency, the Industrial Development Authority, and multinational corporations. This paper examines the role of FAS, the Irish Training and Employment Authority, the agency responsible for active labor market policy. It identifies a crucial coalition between FAS, the European Commission and local/regional social entrepreneurs as the basis for an interventionist policy that has been critical to the success of the tiger economy. The parochial and highly responsive nature of Irish politics and the sovereignty-diffusing role of the EU can be seen to be the driving forces behind dramatic policy and institutional innovation.
2003
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2843/1/094.pdf
Boyle, Nigel. (2003) "Employment programs in Ireland 1987-1999: National, sub-national and supra -national governance in a globalized political economy". In: UNSPECIFIED, Nashville, TN. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2843/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2901
2011-02-15T22:24:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D46:46303131
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303330
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Europeanization and the reshaping of representation in southern Europe"
Morlino, Leonardo.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
Italy
regional policy/structural funds
subnational/regional/territorial
This paper is a preliminary report on a research project concerning the reshaping of territorial representation in Southern Europe that has been brought about by the ongoing process of Europeanization. The first two sections provide a definition of the two key phenomena that are connected here, representation and Europeanization, and suggest a few possible mechanisms that may account for that connection. The third section presents the main hypotheses to control empirically in order to reply to the key questions of the research. The fourth and fifth ones clarify time and space of the research, indicate the Structural Funds as the policy at the core of research, review the main results o£ previous research on either a similar topic or the same one. The sixth section presents the preliminary results of the research mainly with reference to Italy. The concluding remarks point to the path still to be covered.
2003
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2901/1/140.pdf
Morlino, Leonardo. (2003) "Europeanization and the reshaping of representation in southern Europe". In: UNSPECIFIED, Nashville, TN. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2901/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2913
2020-02-05T08:06:55Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:4430303173706F727473
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303033
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F7067646D706D
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Modes of Regulation in the Common Fisheries Policy: A Moveable Feast?"
Ritchie, Ella.
agriculture policy
sports
decision making/policy-making
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
This paper examines the extent to which soft law and soft policy instruments are used within the Common Fisheries Policy (CF) and considers whether it is useful as a concept for understanding evolving forms of regulation within the sector. The CFP is a fertile ground for the examination of the relationship between institutions, rules and actors. It is a multi-level policy with significant global, EU, national regional and local dimensions. There has been an enduring governing crisis in the sector within, in the 1990s, major crisis in nearly all EU fish stocks and wide-scale recognition of the failure of current policy instruments to deliver the desired policy outcomes of the CFP. In fisheries policy it is difficult to separate debates about forms of regulation from debates about forms of governance since, for fisheries regimes to be successful, the fishing industry needs to cooperate with the regime in place.
2003
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2913/1/150.pdf
Ritchie, Ella. (2003) "Modes of Regulation in the Common Fisheries Policy: A Moveable Feast?". In: UNSPECIFIED, Nashville, TN. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2913/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2921
2011-02-15T22:24:32Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"The European Union, Britain, and Scotland: Cooperation, conflict, or compromise?"
Shaw, Kelly B.
governance: EU & national level
U.K.
subnational/regional/territorial
This paper examines the evolving relationship between Scotland and the European Union given the dual dynamics of devolution in Scotland and the United Kingdom's greater integration into the EU. At first glance, devolution and increased European integration would appear to have opposite affects since the former provides the constitutional means for the decentralization of power in Britain, while the latter seemingly allocates more authority to the British government and the institutional framework of the EU. It is argued here, however, that European integration and devolution are not only complementary, but are intricately intertwined with one another. Political institutions created in Scotland under Labour's devolutionary scheme has given Scotland new access to the policy process in Brussels, while encouraging supranational and subnational cooperation between the political institutions of the EU and Scotland. This research begins with a brief examination of the evolving association between the EU and its regions. Focusing on the institutional framework of the EU and the Scottish Parliament and Executive, this paper than turns to consider how these institutions, when combined with polities such as subsidiarity, are influencing the creation of public policy at the subnational (Scotland), national (Britain), and supranational (EU) levels. Next, case studies from the public and private sectors are utilized to demonstrate the development of a "Westminster bypass" that is allowing Scottish interests to play an increasingly influential role in supranational policymaking. Finally, the ramifications of these dynamics upon the relationship between Scotland and Britain are considered.
2003
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2921/1/158.pdf
Shaw, Kelly B. (2003) "The European Union, Britain, and Scotland: Cooperation, conflict, or compromise?". In: UNSPECIFIED, Nashville, TN. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2921/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2969
2011-02-15T22:24:50Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D46:46303032
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Who's fit for Europe? The Euro-fitness of Belgian regional parliaments and the implications for democratic participation"
Woodward, A. E.
governance: EU & national level
Belgium
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
subnational/regional/territorial
The particular focus here is on the potential for the most obvious interface between the citizen and sub-national government the democratically elected bodies, such as regional parliaments. To what extent can they provide a conduit for citizen interest and eventually also an identity of participation in the wider European Union from the lowest most direct level? To what extent are regional parliaments engaging in European debate and communicating this to their citizens? This paper focuses on five regional parliaments in Belgium and their fitness for Europe. Looking at the Belgian case it would seem that competencies and size are the most predictive for European fitness. However, in a larger international comparison, this may not actually be the case: vision and mission of members of parliament can be quite important in the way regional parliaments fill a European role and engage their citizens-e.g., Scotland or Catalonia. Size and constitutional footing are only part of the explanation for the development or lack of development of a European profile.
2003
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2969/1/171.pdf
Woodward, A. E. (2003) "Who's fit for Europe? The Euro-fitness of Belgian regional parliaments and the implications for democratic participation". In: UNSPECIFIED, Nashville, TN. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2969/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:3003
2011-02-15T22:24:59Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303235
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Federal Dynamics in Canada, Switzerland and the US – How Sub-States’ Internal Organization Affects Intergovernmental Cooperation"
Bolleyer, Nicole.
Switzerland
subnational/regional/territorial
The paper argues that internal sub-state dynamics can systematically account for the variety of forms in which politicians organize cross-jurisdictional interaction in dual federal systems. Most generally, majoritarian executive-legislative relations tend to weaken the institutionalization of intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), while power-sharing executive-legislative relations tend to facilitate it. Moreover, depending on the type of power-sharing mechanisms in the single arenas - non-compulsory or compulsory- the mutual integration of IGOs is rendered more or less difficult. The institutionalization of IGOs is affected by the following mechanisms: Firstly, given one-party majority cabinets, complete government alternations (which are much less likely given coalition or oversized governments) strongly alter actors’ interest constellations over time, thereby increasing the costs of maintaining stable cross-boundary intergovernmental relations. Secondly, the heavy impact of a potential electoral loss induces politicians to shift the blame to the other governments in the system, thereby undermining the potential for cross-boundary cooperation. Thirdly, one-party governments (in contrast to coalitions) decrease the value of IGOs as instruments to save transaction costs because the number of involved actors is lower. Finally, autonomy losses caused by intergovernmental cooperation are higher for parties which govern alone. Integration also suffers from these dynamic because strong IGOs often facilitate system integration. More importantly, however, it is weakened by compulsory power-sharing structures unbridged by party ties inside the sub-states because these internal divides considerably complicate coordination within the horizontal level. To examine these theoretically derived hypotheses, Canada, the U.S. and Switzerland are selected as ‘most different cases’. As a major result, in Switzerland internal dynamics support that IGOs are strongly institutionalized and intra-organizational linkages formally specified. In Canada internal dynamics are much less favorable: the organizational structure of the respective bodies and their mutual integration is much weaker. The U.S. takes a middle position. While intergovernmental arrangements are considerably institutionalized, the compulsory power-sharing structures within the states undermine mutual integration.
2005
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/3003/1/EUSA2005_Bolleyer_Paper.pdf
Bolleyer, Nicole. (2005) "Federal Dynamics in Canada, Switzerland and the US – How Sub-States’ Internal Organization Affects Intergovernmental Cooperation". In: UNSPECIFIED, Austin, Texas. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/3003/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:3068
2011-02-15T22:25:17Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D46:46303036
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F7067646D706D
7375626A656374733D46:46303037
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D46:46303131
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Theorizing Democracy in Europe: The Impact of the EU on National and Sectoral Policy-making Processes"
Schmidt, Vivien A.
U.K.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
Italy
France
Germany
subnational/regional/territorial
decision making/policy-making
[From the Introduction]. In this paper, I begin with a consideration of the relationship between institutional structures and policymaking processes, then examine the nature of the ‘macro’ policymaking patterns in the EU and its member-states, and finally explore the ‘micro’ patterns of relations in policy sectors. I illustrate with the cases of Britain, France, Germany, and Italy.
2005
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
text/plain
http://aei.pitt.edu/3068/1/eusa_05_2pol_proc_democracy.txt
application/msword
http://aei.pitt.edu/3068/2/eusa_05_2pol_proc_democracy.doc
Schmidt, Vivien A. (2005) "Theorizing Democracy in Europe: The Impact of the EU on National and Sectoral Policy-making Processes". In: UNSPECIFIED, Austin, Texas. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/3068/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:3158
2011-02-15T22:25:47Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303038
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Europeanization and Britain: Towards Multi-Level Governance?"
Bache, Ian.
governance: EU & national level
U.K.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
cohesion policy
subnational/regional/territorial
[From the Introduction]. This paper explores the relationship between Europeanization and multi-level governance. In particular, it assesses the extent to which Europeanization has promoted multi-level governance within Britain. In doing so, the paper draws on contributions to a UACES study group and ESRC seminar series on The Europeanization of British Politics and Policy-Making. This project focuses on Europeanization in relation to the dimensions of polity, politics and policy and addresses a range of questions relating to the domestic effects of EU membership (Bache and Jordan, forthcoming). However, this paper focuses on the specific issue of multi-level governance and draws on just three of the contributions to the project, in addition to the author’s own research and other materials. In each of these cases, the domestic effect of EU cohesion policy is prominent... The paper proceeds in the following way. The next two sections, on Europeanization and multi-level governance, set the conceptual context. The fourth section briefly outlines EU cohesion policy, which is a key aspect of the case studies. The fifth section considers the findings on this topic from the study group discussed above, along with other research. The paper concludes by reflecting on the Europeanization effects on multi-level governance in Britain.
2005
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
text/plain
http://aei.pitt.edu/3158/1/Bache.txt
application/msword
http://aei.pitt.edu/3158/2/Bache.doc
Bache, Ian. (2005) "Europeanization and Britain: Towards Multi-Level Governance?". In: UNSPECIFIED, Austin, Texas. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/3158/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:3351
2011-02-15T22:26:39Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F7067646D706D
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:44303032303039
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6C6F626279696E67696E746572657374726570726573656E746174696F6E
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F706768646F63
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Political Coercion and Administrative Cooperation in U.S. Intergovernmental Relations"
Kincaid, John.
lobbying/interest representation
EU-US
subnational/regional/territorial
historical development of EC (pre-1986)
decision making/policy-making
[From the Introduction]. Contemporary American federalism can be described as an era of coercive or regulatory federalism in which the predominant political, fiscal, statutory, regulatory, and judicial trends have entailed impositions of federal dictates on state and local governments. This era began in the late 1960s and succeeded a 35-year era commonly referred to as cooperative federalism. The era of coercive federalism has been marked by a shift of federal policymaking from the interests of places (i.e., state and local governments) to the interests of persons (i.e., voters and interest groups). That is, elected federal officials, as well as the federal courts, have been highly responsive to electoral coalitions, interest groups, and campaign contributors and much less responsive to elected state and local government officials. State and local officials have no privileged voice in Congress or the White House as elected representatives of the people; instead, they must behave like interest groups and compete with all other interest groups in the federal policymaking arena where, quite frequently, they are unable to prevail against powerful interest groups that can bring crucial financial, ideological, and voter rewards and punishments to bear on the electoral fortunes of federal officials. Consequently, as U.S. Senator Carl Levin (D-MI) commented to this author in 1988, "There is no political capital [for members of Congress] in intergovernmental relations," that is, in catering to the concerns of governors, state legislators, county commissioners, mayors, and the like.
2005
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
text/plain
http://aei.pitt.edu/3351/1/EUSA_Paper.txt
application/msword
http://aei.pitt.edu/3351/2/EUSA_Paper.doc
Kincaid, John. (2005) "Political Coercion and Administrative Cooperation in U.S. Intergovernmental Relations". In: UNSPECIFIED, Austin, Texas. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/3351/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:3868
2011-02-15T22:29:03Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D41:41303239
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"The Political Implications of Dual Delegation above and below the nationstate"
Newman, Abraham.
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
integration theory (see also researching and writing the EU in this section)
[Introduction]. Over the last fifty years, administrative politics has undergone a radical transformation. Unlike the preceding era of state-building, which was identified by the establishment and consolidation of a centralized administrative apparatus, the post-war period has been marked by extensive delegation. A variety of agencies, commissions, organizations, courts and departments carry out essential governance tasks in issue areas ranging from telecommunications to the environment. And this wave of delegation has occurred at both the domestic and the international levels. There has been considerable attention paid in political science literature initially in American and comparative and increasingly in International Relations sub-fields to this empirical trend (Huber and Shipan 2003; Pollack 2003). These efforts, focusing on their respective level of analysis, have asked three fundamental questions. First, why do elected principals delegate authority to agents to implement and enforce law? Second, how does delegation affect the ability of principals to control the actions of agents? Third, how effective are delegated agents in improving the quality of regulation. For the purposes of this essay, I am explicitly interested in the second of these questions. In addressing the control debate, two strands of literature have emerged. One emphasizes the role that formal institutions play in shaping the principal-agent relationship (McCubbins, Noll et al. 1987; Epstein and O'Halloran 1994). The second, examines how agents may deploy political authority to entrepreneurially shape the political process (Fliegstein and Drita 1996; Carpenter 2001). In this essay, I rely on the insights of these research programs to analyze an important and often overlooked pattern in delegation – the dual delegation of authority to agents above and below the nation-state. As national economies integrate at the same time that technological complexity progresses, decision-makers confront at home and abroad the difficulty of devising specific policy responses to the challenges of international interdependence. At both the domestic and international levels, agents have been created or redeployed to confront these challenges. This process of dual delegation, I contend, has important implications for questions concerning bureaucratic control and autonomy distinct from those isolated by national or international investigations. While the existing literature in International Relations examines the relationship between national governments and international organizations and comparative politics research focuses on domestic elected officials and internal non-majoritarian institutions, this paper examines the effect of both processes on international affairs. The dynamic environment created by the delegation of authority to sub-national and international institutions shapes the ability of national principals to monitor and enforce agent behavior at the same time that it shifts the resources available to agents to act in an entrepreneurial fashion. Critical, then, in this move is the rejection of the notion of the unitary state as an actor in international politics and the acceptance that sub-national units may play an important role in the evolving international system (Slaughter 2004). The following essay is a preliminary exploration of the effect that dual delegation has on the role of agents in international politics. It will proceed in four parts. The next section briefly details the delegation of authority in the national and international arenas. This will be followed by a summary of the two dominant strands of literature concerned with bureaucratic control. Section three will then offer a series of propositions that attempt to promote discussion over the effects of dual delegation and sketch out a preliminary research agenda. The final section concludes with some unresolved questions and underscores the theoretical foundations of the project.
2005
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/3868/1/pa_032105_.pdf
Newman, Abraham. (2005) "The Political Implications of Dual Delegation above and below the nationstate". In: UNSPECIFIED, Austin, Texas. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/3868/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:5751
2011-02-15T22:38:27Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:44303033303033
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F7067646D706D
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:436F6E7374346575726F7065
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:696367303033
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
National/Regional Parliaments and EU Decision-Making under the New Constitutional Treaty. EIPA Working Paper 2005/W/02
Vos, Hendrik.
IGC 2003-4
Constitution for Europe
European Convention
decision making/policy-making
subnational/regional/territorial
[Introduction]. This paper is about the involvement of national and especially regional parliaments in EU decision-making. The focus on regional parliaments is justified by the fact that the relationship between regional parliaments and EU-institutions is hardly studied, although in a substantial number of member states, it are legislative regions and their parliaments that are most obviously confronted with EU legislation. A number of relating questions will be adressed in this paper. The first question is about the actual possibilities national and regional parliaments have to influence European decisions. Secondly we look at the new provisions in the EU Constitutional Treaty: is the role of the national/regional parliaments strengthened and to what extent? Also, are there other possibilities to give parliaments a bigger say in the European decision-making and why are they not adopted by the Convention or by the IGC? And lastly, but very important, what preconditions must be fulfilled (especially by the national/regional parliaments themselves) to fully exploit the provisions and opportunities they have under the current treaties and the new constitution in a constructive way. But we start with some preliminary remarks on the place of national/regional parliaments in the EU multilevel governance system.
2005
Working Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/5751/1/FC0502e.pdf
Vos, Hendrik. (2005) National/Regional Parliaments and EU Decision-Making under the New Constitutional Treaty. EIPA Working Paper 2005/W/02. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/5751/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:5947
2011-02-15T22:39:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:44303035303130
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D61727469636C65
The Changing Dynamics of Sub-State Participation: The Commission's Proposals for Increasing Regional and Local Involvement in European Policy Processes
Arribas, Gracia Vara.
subnational/regional/territorial
European Commission
Concern about the participation of the sub-state level of governance in European policy processes is not new. The European Commission's White Paper on European Governance introduced innovative proposals to address this issue, which have stirred up debate among the different actors involved. In this paper we analyse the progress made so far in developing two of those proposals: the so-called "permanent dialogue" between the Commission and Associations of regional and local authorities, and the tripartite agreements between the Commission, a territorial entity and the respective Member State. These ideas have not advanced and face several major problems (political, legal and technical) which will be difficult to resolve. This article analyses those problems, with the aim of contributing to the ongoing review process of these proposals.
2005
Article
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/5947/1/SCOPE2005%2D2_3.pdf
Arribas, Gracia Vara. (2005) The Changing Dynamics of Sub-State Participation: The Commission's Proposals for Increasing Regional and Local Involvement in European Policy Processes. EIPAScope, 2005 (2). pp. 19-25.
http://aei.pitt.edu/5947/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:5951
2011-02-15T22:39:37Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:643030314C6973626F6E6167656E6461
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D61727469636C65
Mid-Term Review of the Lisbon Strategy: Regional and Local Players Need to Step Up Their Involvement
Heichlinger, Alexander
Määttä, Seppo
Unfried, Martin.
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
Lisbon StrategyAgenda/Partnership for Growth and Employment
[Introduction]. How should regional and local actors in Europe be involved in delivering the revised Lisbon strategy? This is a question of importance not only for the development of good multilevel governance in the European Union but also for the effective implementation of European policies. This report summarises some of the discussion of this question which took place at the International Conference1 on the Lisbon strategy on growth and employment from the regional and local viewpoint. This conference, which brought together around 80 high-level civil servants and practitioners, politicians and academics, was jointly organised by EIPA and the European Centre for the Regions (EIPA-ECR) in April 2005 in Barcelona. The authors have summarised some "Key Messages" which were stated by speakers and participants. These are reproduced at the end of this article.
2005
Article
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/5951/1/SCOPE2005%2D2_7.pdf
Heichlinger, Alexander and Määttä, Seppo and Unfried, Martin. (2005) Mid-Term Review of the Lisbon Strategy: Regional and Local Players Need to Step Up Their Involvement. EIPAScope, 2005 (2). pp. 47-52.
http://aei.pitt.edu/5951/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:6120
2011-02-15T22:40:40Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D41:41303239
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
The Puzzles and Paradoxes of Europeanisation: Lessons from the Scottish Experience
Smith, James.
U.K.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
subnational/regional/territorial
integration theory (see also researching and writing the EU in this section)
[Introduction]. In certain key respects, the Europeanisation of government bureaucracy leads to outcomes which might be regarded as somewhat puzzling and paradoxical. This puzzle is seen to revolve around the belief that whilst membership of the European Union (EU) has wrought significant impact upon the shape and direction of national policies and policy processes, the impact upon the bureaucratic infrastructure of domestic government systems has by comparison been somewhat limited. Of late, however, a means of resolving this puzzle has been put forward. In short, the preoccupation of historical-institutionalist analysis with largely structural, institutional and procedural-based aspects of change may, it is argued, have led to the apparently divergent or contradictory paths taken by the respective policy-related and bureaucratic-administrative forms of Europeanisation. A less puzzling interpretation of developments might flow if, in addition to the purely institutionalist perspective, more attention were to be focused upon broader cultural factors and the role played by individuals within the context of bureaucratic adaptation processes. This paper attempts to follow the latter course by way of a case-study examination of how bureaucratic Europeanisation came to impact upon the institutional basis of territorial government in Scotland across a thirty year period. The focus is thus upon the long-term impact on first the Scottish Office from 1973 onwards and then the Scottish Executive with the advent of devolution in 1999. The aim is to examine the trajectory and relative depth of Europeanisation experienced in this particular case and the extent to which that Europeanisation has in fact been influenced by not only the broader structural and procedural context of the UK administrative system as a whole but also by cultural, actor-based and departmental factors specific to the Scottish case. In so doing it should also be possible to ascertain where this casestudy sits in terms of broader theoretical definitions and conceptualisations of Europeanisation and in particular, whether it might be deemed compatible with the ‘top-down’ interpretation which frames the various contributions to this volume.
2004
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/6120/1/smith16july.pdf
Smith, James. (2004) The Puzzles and Paradoxes of Europeanisation: Lessons from the Scottish Experience. In: UNSPECIFIED, Sheffield, UK.
http://aei.pitt.edu/6120/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:6123
2011-02-15T22:40:41Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303330
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
Europeanisation of the Urban Level: Evaluating the Impact of the EU on Local Governance in Britain
Marshall, Adam.
regional policy/structural funds
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
subnational/regional/territorial
U.K.
EU initiatives provide urban institutions and actors across Europe with new and unprecedented access to information, legitimacy, and not least, financial support. From established local authorities to fledgling neighbourhood partnerships, actors across the urban spectrum see increased European involvement as a central component of innovative governance. Using the framework articulated by the UACES/ESRC study group on the Europeanisation of British Politics and Policy-Making, this paper argues that researchers must extend the study of Europeanisation to the urban level. I argue that European working provokes shifts in the institutionalised norms, beliefs, and values of British urban actors, and use a four-part typology of urban Europeanisation to evaluate this phenomenon with reference to Birmingham and Glasgow. The paper emphasises that most Europeanisation occurring among British urban actors has been voluntary-indirect – both local authorities and nonstatutory actors have embraced European working as a result of their interaction with EU Structural Fund programmes over the course of the past two decades.
2004
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/6123/1/Marshalljuly16.pdf
Marshall, Adam. (2004) Europeanisation of the Urban Level: Evaluating the Impact of the EU on Local Governance in Britain. In: UNSPECIFIED, Sheffield, UK.
http://aei.pitt.edu/6123/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:6138
2011-02-15T22:40:45Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
Europeanisation and the English Regions
Burch, Martin
Gomez, Ricardo.
U.K.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
subnational/regional/territorial
[Introduction]. In this paper we attempt to explore and apply Europeanisation to the regional level in England. We begin with some remarks on what we take Europeanisation to be. The way we have approached the concept and its definition is to regard it as fundamentally concerned with the study of change as it affects issues, perceptions, institutions and policies. But distinctively we are dealing with a particular kind or example of change which is evident through what might be termed ‘the EU effect’. That is change that would not have happened or would not have happened in the way it has if it were not for the existence of arrangements and relationships consequent upon the establishment and development of the EU.
2004
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/6138/1/burchgomezjuly16.doc
Burch, Martin and Gomez, Ricardo. (2004) Europeanisation and the English Regions. In: UNSPECIFIED, Sheffield, UK.
http://aei.pitt.edu/6138/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:6901
2011-02-15T22:45:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:44303032303230
7375626A656374733D41:41303239
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Integration from Below: Transnational Regionalism in Europe and North America"
Breckinridge, Robert E.
regionalism, international
subnational/regional/territorial
integration theory (see also researching and writing the EU in this section)
The research on regionalism has considered regions consisting of two or more states, such as Western Europe, North America, or Southeast Asia, or regions within the borders of a single state. What is missing is consideration of regional activity across national borders by subnational units of two or more states. In this paper, the term transnational regionalism is used to refer to such activity. The type of activity described by transnational regionalism is cooperative, whether it be in energy resource management, development of transportation infrastructure, or any of several other areas. Furthermore, these activities may occur as a result of national-level cooperation or integration agreements, or as a result of the perceived common interests of subnational actors. The purpose of this paper is to explore how this latter type of transnational regionalism may lead to the integration of the states of which the subnational units are a part in the absence of national level agreements. This is described as "integration from below." Conversely, "integration from above" results from national-level agreements. The data are such that no particular hypothesis can be evaluated at this time. However, after exploring what is available, several questions and hypotheses for future research are suggested. The major theoretical works on integration are briefly reviewed in order to place this study in the appropriate context. Cases of transnational regionalism in Europe and North America are then described. Finally, the cases will be compared and preliminary conclusions will be drawn regarding the influence of transnationalism regionalism on integration.
1995
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/6901/1/breckinridge_robert_e.pdf
Breckinridge, Robert E. (1995) "Integration from Below: Transnational Regionalism in Europe and North America". In: UNSPECIFIED, Charleston, South Carolina. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/6901/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:6905
2011-02-15T22:45:11Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D41:41303239
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"European Integration Reconsidered: Redistribution of Authority in European Union Member States"
Bukowski, Jeanie.
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
integration theory (see also researching and writing the EU in this section)
An arena in which the implications of increased subnational authority are particularly important is the European Union. In addition to the decentralization process experienced throughout Europe, the EU states also are undergoing the simultaneous process of supranational institution-building. We see increasing interest in regions and other subnational govemments and groups on the part of the EU, such as the long-standing importance placed on regional/structural policy and the recent creation of the Committee of the Regions in an advisory capacity. In turn, the emergence of subnational entities with increased political and economic power has potentially important consequences for European integration. The current paper first critiques the disparate literature that studies the transfer of governmental authority to a lower level within the nation-state. It then argues that an altemative conceptualization, "redistribution of authority", based on the institutional capacities, functional scope and resources available to various governmental and nongovernmental entities, best captures this complex phenomenon and allows us to analyze its causes and consequences. The study further proposes that as a result of this redistribution of authority, a complex policy network is emerging. The prevailing theories of integration are critiqued in terms of these theories' ability to include the complex dynamics of interaction among supranational, national and subnational levels in Europe resulting from the redistribution of authority and proliferation of decision-making centers. Finally, a preliminary research framework is provided within which propositions regarding the redistribution of authority, the resulting complex policy network, and the consequences for the economic and political development of the EU may be examined.
1995
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/6905/1/bukowski_jeanie.pdf
Bukowski, Jeanie. (1995) "European Integration Reconsidered: Redistribution of Authority in European Union Member States". In: UNSPECIFIED, Charleston, South Carolina. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/6905/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7279
2011-02-15T22:47:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303231
7375626A656374733D46:46303039
7375626A656374733D46:46303239
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:44303033303032
7375626A656374733D46:46303137
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"The European Union and the International System: A Framework for Analysis"
Murphy, Anna.
Slovak Republic
enlargement
subnational/regional/territorial
Poland
Hungary
Czech Republic
[From the introduction]. This paper attempts to develop an analytical framework within which one can assess the EC/EU response and its role in the new Europe in the 1990s. The need for such a framework stems from deficiencies in the existing literature on the international role of the EC. In the past, a key difficulty in generating an all-encompassing theory to explain the external behaviour of the EC stemmed from its sui generis and unfinished nature. It is suggested that the international role of the EC/EU can best be addressed by considering it to be a system of regional governance. It is characterised by shared competences with the member states (the term governance is used to encompass the institutions, instruments, policies, competences, decision-making and activities of the EC/EU including the interaction between EC/EU institutions and the member states). This draws attention to three levels of analysis: the national, regional, and international. There is a dense interplay between the national and regional (EU) level in the generation of policy. Action also occurs in response to change and pressure from both the national and international domains. The system of regional governance identifies the main points of interactions between the EC/EU and the international system, its capacity to act, and the characteristics of the EC/EU which distinguish it and its members from the wider European system. The second part of the paper examines the interaction of the EC/EU in the international system and identifies certain roles and functions it fulfils. Finally. the framework is applied to a case study of the EC/EU relations with the four Visegrad states (Poland, Hungary, the Czech, and Slovak republics) over the period 1989-1994. This supports the proposition that the system of regional governance provides a useful framework within which one can analyse the role of the EU in Europe and in the international system. That role consists of a) promoting political and economic order in Central Europe; and b) representing and balancing the interests of the member states vis-a-vis Central Europe. Finally, preparations for enlargement to the Visegrad states blurred the boundaries between internal and external policy-making of the Eu, on the one hand, and, on the other, created linkages between enlargement and the future course of the European Union.
1995
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7279/1/Murphy.pdf
Murphy, Anna. (1995) "The European Union and the International System: A Framework for Analysis". In: UNSPECIFIED. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7279/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7290
2011-02-15T22:47:23Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"The EU and Transnational Regions: A Maritime Perspective"
Smith, M. Estellie.
subnational/regional/territorial
[From the introduction]. Not uniquely but perhaps more than most other social scientists, anthropologists have always been conscious of the extent 'to which 'reality' is problematic given a priori sociocultural biases as to what one sees and hears, counts or gives accounts of the human context. In doing field work, two things strike most anthropologists: Firstly, the extent to which people can differ on the relevant content and boundaries of given sociocultura1 spaces. Individuals and groups see or fail to see different resources in variously defined spaces, prioritize these resources differently, and vary considerably as to the use rights/responsibilities of humans relative to those resources. Secondly, people locate 'themselves in various 'spaces' simultaneously or sequentially, i.e., identifying themselves in one region with one set of perimeters at one time but, within that same space, as part of another more or less extensive region at other times. This paper will address the issues that arise from such cognitive variability. It will focus on the maritime component of the EU since this neglected sector reveals the extent to which cultural constructs of spatiality, particularly as these relate to those constructs labeled 'regions,' have not only molded the evolution of the EU but have been and will continue to be the source of its most vexing problems (cf. Appendices I and III)
1995
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7290/1/002934_1.pdf
Smith, M. Estellie. (1995) "The EU and Transnational Regions: A Maritime Perspective". In: UNSPECIFIED, Charleston, South Carolina. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7290/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7298
2011-02-15T22:47:26Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:7061666664656D6F637261637964656D6F63726174696364656669636974
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:44303033303038
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"The European Union and Multi-Level Governance in Practice: Patterns of Subnational Involvement: Expansion, Divergence, Complexity"
Hooghe, Liesbet.
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
democracy/democratic deficit
Maastricht Treaty
The turbulent ratification of the Treaty of the European Union has given a new sharpness to old debates about democratic representativeness in the European arena. The crisis of representation after Maastricht was however limited in terms of who and what was criticised: Maastricht was a crisis of intergovernmentalism. There as several alternative ways for establishing links between the citizen and Europe. This paper focuses on the role of subnational intermediaries in day-to-day policy making. The first part of the paper places subnational mobilisation in a broader understanding of the Euro-polity. Three competing conceptualisations: state-centric model, supranational model, and multi-level governance make distint predictions about the features, opportunities and constraints for subnational mobilisation. Next, the contemporary variety of subnational mobilisation is compared with each model. The final section points at some implications for representative democracy in the Euro-polity.
1995
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7298/1/002958_1.pdf
Hooghe, Liesbet. (1995) "The European Union and Multi-Level Governance in Practice: Patterns of Subnational Involvement: Expansion, Divergence, Complexity". In: UNSPECIFIED, Charleston, South Carolina. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7298/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7311
2011-02-15T22:47:31Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666706F6C69746963616C70617274696573
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Ultra-Nationalist and Regionalist Parties: New Challenges for the EU in Asserting Pan-European Values"
Silberberg, Jason B.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
subnational/regional/territorial
political parties
The purpose of my paper is to show that the substantial support for ultra-nationalist and regionalist political parties in Western Europe has hindered attempts by the European Union to fully institute ideas of pan-Europeanism within its area. The strength of these parties show that, despite the forewarnings of classical liberalism on the dangers of European nationalisms to European peace and prosperity, separatism and xenophobia are still attractive sentiments to many who seek new solutions to social and economic problems. The traditions of pan-Europeanism and ultra-nationalism/regionalism have thus clashed in today's European political theater, with no sign of settlement. But it is also the position of this paper that there exist several other, largely untapped solutions to this problem of promoting European solidarity and peace that could be called upon. These solutions disregard the grand schemes of liberalism and the "inevitabilities" of realism and try to look at inter-ethnic conflict from fresh perspectives.
1995
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7311/1/002994_1.pdf
Silberberg, Jason B. (1995) "Ultra-Nationalist and Regionalist Parties: New Challenges for the EU in Asserting Pan-European Values". In: UNSPECIFIED, Charleston, South Carolina. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7311/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7318
2011-02-15T22:47:34Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"The Changing Spatial Context for Daily Life in the European Union"
Murphy, Alexander B.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
subnational/regional/territorial
[From the Introduction] This paper takes a different approach, focusing on the character of underlying arrangements and their implications for the EU. An examination of the changing geography of economic, demographic, and cultural arrangements in Europea reveals both a significant interpenetration of interest across international boundaries and a widening scope of authority for governments and institutions operating at the substate regional level. These aspects of the contemporary European scene render unlikely a disintegration of the EU. At the same time, they do not necessarily portend the construction of a superstate in Europe. Instead, they challenge the traditional order by opening up new possibilities for the political and social organization of the continent.
1995
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7318/1/003008_1.pdf
Murphy, Alexander B. (1995) "The Changing Spatial Context for Daily Life in the European Union". In: UNSPECIFIED, Charleston, South Carolina. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7318/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7322
2011-02-15T22:47:35Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:44303035303031
7375626A656374733D46:46303233
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303330
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Attempting to By-Pass the State to Empower the Periphery: An Examination of the Strategy of Catalan Political Elites to Gain Direct Access and Recognition in the European Union"
Malloy, Michael.
regional policy/structural funds
Spain
subnational/regional/territorial
Committee of Regions
[From the introduction]. In December 1991 the European Council approved the Maastricht Treaty creating the European Union. One of the less publicized components of this treaty was the creation of a Committee of the Regions to advise both the Council of Ministers and the Commission on specific issues. Therefore, while Maastricht made the headlines because of the unprecedented transfer of state initiative to a larger political organization, it also increased substantially the potential for an accelerated transfer of political initiative to regions. This paper will examine the Catalan case as an example of how regional political elites are using European organizations to push for a major change in the position of regions not only within the emerging European Union, but also within their respective states.
1995
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7322/1/003013_1.pdf
Malloy, Michael. (1995) "Attempting to By-Pass the State to Empower the Periphery: An Examination of the Strategy of Catalan Political Elites to Gain Direct Access and Recognition in the European Union". In: UNSPECIFIED, Charleston, South Carolina. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7322/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7780
2011-02-15T22:50:05Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303033
7375626A656374733D46:46303032
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303230
7375626A656374733D41:41303239
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
Europeanization of subnational polities: the impact of domestic factors on regional adaptation
Bursens, Peter,
Deforche, Jana.
Belgium
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
subnational/regional/territorial
integration theory (see also researching and writing the EU in this section)
agriculture policy
environmental policy (including international arena)
[From the introduction]. The purpose of this contribution is to test whether hypotheses derived from rational choice and sociological institutionalism can predict the way subnational authorities adapt to specific European policy initiatives. In order to do so, the paper uses the classic three step model of Europeanization research (cf Risse et alii 2001, Caporaso 2007). This model starts from the observation that the European integration process delivers a substantial amount of policy output at the European Union level. Especially within the supranational policy areas, EU output generates pressure upon the member states to respond to European policy initiatives. Put differently, in a second stage this pressure creates a degree of fit or misfit between the European and the national level. There is, however, no linear relation assumed between the European and the national level. In a third step, several intervening or mediating variables shape the eventual way the domestic level adapts to the European pressure. Although there’s much criticism to putting the goodness of fit concept central to a Europeanization research design (Heritier and Knill 2001; Haverland 2000), we argue that its use is justified in our particular design because we are dealing with two binding European policies that clearly require the domestic (including the subnational) level to adapt in terms of policy-making and policy-content (Börzel 2005: 51-52; Bulmer 2007: 52). The degree of fit or misfit defines the adaptation pressure and ultimately the way domestic politics responds. Institutional theory becomes relevant with respect to the mechanisms through which the domestic factors shape the adaptation. Based on an institutional framework, hypotheses can be formulated as to how domestic variables influence the adaptation process. In the next paragraph we will formulate such hypotheses with respect to how the Flemish Region responds to pressure from EU environmental and agriculture laws.
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7780/1/bursens%2Dp%2D01e.pdf
Bursens, Peter, and Deforche, Jana. (2007) Europeanization of subnational polities: the impact of domestic factors on regional adaptation. In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7780/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7807
2011-02-15T22:50:14Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D46:46303233
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666706F6C69746963616C70617274696573
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
Whither a Europe of the Regions? Minority nationalist parties and the challenges of European integration
Elias, Anwen.
U.K.
Spain
subnational/regional/territorial
political parties
[From the introduction]. This paper argues that even though in the current climate of European integration, the prospects for a Europe of the Regions are dismal indeed, it is too soon to herald the end of minority nationalist support for European integration. The paper draws on evidence from two case studies – of Plaid Cymru in Wales, and the Bloque Nacionalista Galego in Galicia – to argue that minority nationalist party support for European integration is much more complex than a simple assessment of whether European integration is moving closer towards, or further away from, the Europe of the Regions ideal. The argument proceeds in two steps. Firstly, the basis of minority nationalist party support for a regionalist Europe in Wales and Galicia is examined; it is demonstrated that, even though both Plaid Cymru and the BNG had adopted the rhetoric of a regionalised Europe by the mid 1990s, they did so for very different reasons. As well as developments in European integration during the 1980s and early 1990s, minority nationalist party support for a Europe of the Regions was also driven by a basic ideological commitment to European co-operation (in the case of Plaid Cymru) and the specific dynamics of party competition at home at the time (Plaid Cymru and the BNG).
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7807/1/elias%2Da%2D11e.pdf
Elias, Anwen. (2007) Whither a Europe of the Regions? Minority nationalist parties and the challenges of European integration. In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7807/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7808
2011-02-15T22:50:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:65636F6E6F6D696366696E616E6369616C61666661697273:65666167656E6572616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:44303032303035
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303330
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
Market Correctives, Market Palliatives and the New Politics of European Economic and Regional Development
Ellison, David.
regional policy/structural funds
EU-Central and Eastern Europe
general
subnational/regional/territorial
The New Economy and the interests of more advanced EU Member states dominate current thinking on EU and national level economic and regional policy goals. European integration thus drives a political economy of regionalism that—far more than traditional divisions between labor and capital—defines the principal economic players in the New Europe. The New Economy drives a radical shift in EU policy from cohesion or redistribution toward innovation promotion, affecting both distributional struggles and policy approaches at the EU, national and subnational levels. Shifting strategies pose significant challenges at the national and subnational levels with important implications for future EU economic and regional development policy goals. The increasing concentration of funding on less advanced economies is eroding the policy’s traditional support basis and, ironically, diminishing its original intent and purpose.
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7808/1/ellison%2Dd%2D11f.pdf
Ellison, David. (2007) Market Correctives, Market Palliatives and the New Politics of European Economic and Regional Development. In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7808/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7810
2011-02-15T22:50:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303439
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:7061666664656D6F637261637964656D6F63726174696364656669636974
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D46:46303233
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:676C6F62616C69736174696F6E676C6F62616C697A6174696F6E
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"'Becoming Europeans:' Examining the case of educational policy production in Catalonia"
Engel, Laura C.
governance: EU & national level
democracy/democratic deficit
education policy/vocational training
globalisation/globalization
Spain
subnational/regional/territorial
[From the introduction]. In recent decades, Spain has been engaged in a process of massive and dramatic transformation, particularly with respect to democratization and decentralization of most of its public institutions, including education. The nature and scope of these efforts have been influenced largely by policy pressures emanating from supranational (European Union-EU) and global processes, as well as local, regional1, and national state imperatives. This paper focuses specifically on one of Spain’s comunidades autónomas (autonomous communities), Catalonia, in order to examine these dynamic processes in the context of educational policy formation. Drawing on empirical resources, including data generated through semi-structured interviews with key educational actors2 in Barcelona and Madrid, and document analysis of key policy documents collected in Barcelona, Madrid, and Brussels, this paper focuses on contemporary shifts in educational policy production concerning decentralization in Catalonia with respect to a range of multiscalar pressures. First, I broadly discuss the literature on globalization and educational governance and the need to extend beyond binary oppositional frameworks often used in literature on educational decentralization. Next, I provide a background on Spanish democratization and the various pressures surrounding the development of a mass educational system. The last two sections of the paper move from micro to macro perspectives to highlight the complex shifts in governance across regional, national, and EU political spheres.
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7810/1/engel%2Dl%2D05h.pdf
Engel, Laura C. (2007) "'Becoming Europeans:' Examining the case of educational policy production in Catalonia". In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7810/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7918
2011-02-15T22:50:58Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D41:41303239
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F706768646F63
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
A Regional Rescue of the Nation-State: Changing Regional Perspectives on Europe
Jeffery, Charlie.
governance: EU & national level
historical development of EC (pre-1986)
integration theory (see also researching and writing the EU in this section)
subnational/regional/territorial
[From the introduction]. Milward’s work has been influential in the intergovernmentalist traditions of analysis of the EU. This paper is not meant in any direct sense as a contribution to the debates intergovernmentalists have had with others. The analogy with Milward is first and foremost about how governments at one level can (try to) instrumentalise the resources and opportunities available to governments at another. For Milward 'nation-state' (that is, member state2) central governments fostered and instrumentalised an emergent transnational structure of government to achieve their own interests. This paper argues that regional governments have increasingly sought to instrumentalise member state central governments as a means of achieving their interests, that is preserving the meaning of regional law-making powers. It commences with a discussion of the conditions which prompt regional 'mobilisation' (Hooghe 1995) in the EU before examining in turn the three distinct strategies through which legislative regions have sought to realise their aims in the EU.
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7918/1/jeffery%2Dc%2D09j.pdf
Jeffery, Charlie. (2007) A Regional Rescue of the Nation-State: Changing Regional Perspectives on Europe. In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7918/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7922
2019-11-06T15:25:08Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:443030317375737461696E61626C65646576656C6F706D656E74
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D70726F63656564696E6773
EU Support for Cities towards Sustainable Development – An Empirical Study about Failure or Success at the Local Government Level
Cameron, Edward,
Joas, Marko.
sustainable development
subnational/regional/territorial
The European Union is often viewed as a quasi-federal construct characterised by a voluntary pooling of sovereignty by member national governments. However, the integration of Europe also has serious consequences for sub national governance including significant impacts on local authorities and cities. Over the past two decades in particular the relationship between Europe and local/regional government has undergone profound change. What began as an "ever closer union" between nation states fifty years ago is today showing more and more signs of an evolving system of multi-level governance. There is a growing activism in the relations between the EU and local government. Local and regional authorities are becoming far more insistent and dynamic in the way they demand a voice in the preparation of European plans, programmes and policies. In particular, local authorities stress that the principle of subsidiarity as enshrined in European treaties, gives them legal, moral, and practical credibility as stakeholders in the European policy process. From the EU perspective, it is clear that more and more European initiatives, whether legislative or funding in nature, permeate to the local level. The growing partnership is recognition of a fundamental understanding between the different levels of governance, namely that the European Union needs sub-national bodies to implement policy, and on the other side, that local and regional authorities need European assistance to build the necessary knowledge, human resource, and financial capacity to facilitate improved implementation.
2007
Conference Proceedings
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7922/1/joas%2Dm%2D06h.pdf
Cameron, Edward, and Joas, Marko. (2007) EU Support for Cities towards Sustainable Development – An Empirical Study about Failure or Success at the Local Government Level. [Conference Proceedings] (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7922/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7924
2011-02-15T22:51:01Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666706F6C69746963616C70617274696573
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:706166664575726F7065616E656C656374696F6E73
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Beyond the Demand Side: The Effects of Multi-Level Governance on Regionalist Movements in Europe"
Jolly, Seth Kincaid.
U.K.
European elections/voting behavior
subnational/regional/territorial
political parties
In this paper, I evaluate whether regional citizens are more likely to support greater autonomy because they find the idea of an independent region within Europe to be more viable. The devolution referenda in Scotland in two distinct time periods provide a quasi-experiment in which to explore this observable implication. In the first referendum, a slight majority voted for devolution but the margin was not enough to overcome the electoral threshold set by West- minster. In 1997, though, the result was overwhelmingly pro-devolution. I argue that the fear of independence, coupled with a preference ordering where the second choice for devolution sup- porters was the status quo, explained the strategic voting behavior in 1979. Increased support for independence, as both a first and second option for Scots, fuelled the dramatic increase in sincere voting for devolution in 1997. I also presented evidence to support the contention that European integration, especially the Scottish National Party's successful framing of the EU as a mechanism to reduce the costs of secession, contributed to this increase in support for independence in the 1997 referendum.
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7924/1/jolly%2Ds%2D09j.pdf
Jolly, Seth Kincaid. (2007) "Beyond the Demand Side: The Effects of Multi-Level Governance on Regionalist Movements in Europe". In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7924/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7934
2011-02-15T22:51:05Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303035
7375626A656374733D46:46303037
7375626A656374733D46:46303034
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D41:41303239
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F706768646F63
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Governing Europe: The Status and Networking Strategies of Finnish, Estonian and German Regions in Brussels"
Kettunen, Pekka.
Kull, Michael.
Estonia
Finland
Germany
historical development of EC (pre-1986)
integration theory (see also researching and writing the EU in this section)
subnational/regional/territorial
[From the introduction]. The paper is structured in three parts. Part I is meant to shortly synthesize how integration theory deals with sub-national actors. In part II we will discuss history and institutionalisation of regional and local level representations in Brussels and reflect on such issues as relations to national level actors, core functions, resources and staffs and their career paths. In part III, we will highlight qualitative differences in strategic foci and networking strategies of regional and local EU offices by discussing such issues as cooperation and lobbying in EU institutions, differences between big and small/old and new member states, networking with other offices, current topics and most pressing problems. The research data stems from 12 structured interviews3, with the topics sent in forehand to the interviewees. All four German interviews were conducted by telephone and took between 45 and 60 minutes each. The Finnish interviews consist of four telephone interviews; each interview took about 40 minutes and one personal interview. The Estonian data stems from one personal interview and one telephone interview, both lasting 45-60 minutes. Instead of conducting a comparative analysis we are interested in the status of different actors and their strategies to position their ideas in the policy-making and law-making procedures by focussing on positions of the actors that are involved in those processes every day.
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7934/1/kettunen%2Dp%2D01e.pdf
Kettunen, Pekka. and Kull, Michael. (2007) "Governing Europe: The Status and Networking Strategies of Finnish, Estonian and German Regions in Brussels". In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7934/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7961
2011-02-15T22:51:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303039
7375626A656374733D46:46303233
7375626A656374733D46:46303033
7375626A656374733D46:46303138
7375626A656374733D45:45303036
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F706768646F63
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
Patterns of Regional Authority
Marks, Gary,
Hooghe, Liesbet,
Schakel, Arjan.
OECD
Denmark
Spain
subnational/regional/territorial
historical development of EC (pre-1986)
Hungary
Portugal
[From the introduction] This paper summarizes some fundamental characteristics of regional authority in 42 democracies over the period 1950 to 2006 as evidenced in a new index. The index covers countries in the OECD, the EU, and former communist countries in Central and Eastern Europe. We assess regional authority for these countries on an annual basis from 1950, or since the introduction of democracy. So, for example, we evaluate Canada and Denmark from 1950, Portugal from 1976, Spain from 1978, and Hungary from 1990.2 An appendix to this paper summarizes the coding scheme and presents numerical estimates for all levels of regional governance aggregated to the country level.
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7961/1/marks%2Dg%2D09j.pdf
Marks, Gary, and Hooghe, Liesbet, and Schakel, Arjan. (2007) Patterns of Regional Authority. In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7961/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7978
2011-02-15T22:51:21Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
Consonant Federalism?: The Role of Federalism on Exclusive Identity and Euroskepticism
Miller, Jennifer.
governance: EU & national level
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
subnational/regional/territorial
This paper examines the effects of subnational identities on Euroskepticism, or opposition to the EU. It posits that citizens in federations are accustomed to balancing a subnational identity and a national identity and will be likely to support EU integration. This hypothesis is tested by gauging individual-level feelings on integration based on residence in a federal, quasi-federal, or unitary state. The results show that while federalism is positively correlated with multiple identities, individuals with a single identity who live in a federation are more Euroskeptic than their counterparts in unitary states. These findings suggest that federalism can either be a response to parochialism or that people in federations may resent the EU for allowing regions with secessionist movements autonomy from the central state.
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7978/1/miller%2Dj%2D03h.pdf
Miller, Jennifer. (2007) Consonant Federalism?: The Role of Federalism on Exclusive Identity and Euroskepticism. In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7978/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7980
2011-02-15T22:51:22Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
A Europe of the Regions vs. the Regions in Europe: reflections on regional engagement in Brussels.
Moore, Carolyn.
subnational/regional/territorial
[From the introduction]. This paper addresses the somewhat paradoxical situation whereby on the one hand, the concept of a "Europe of the Regions" has largely been discredited and has generally fallen out of favour, whilst at the same time, the level of regional engagement in Europe continues to grow at an exponential rate. Regions themselves continue to operate actively in Europe. The number of offices in Brussels representing regional authorities from member states has grown exponentially over the past twenty years (Jeffery, 1997; Bomberg and Peterson, 1998; Heichlinger, 1999; Moore, 2006a). Regions from the new member states have been racing to set up representative bureaux in Brussels and thus to get ahead of 'the competition' or at least, be in the game. Beyond this, the older and more established regional representations are expanding their capacity in Brussels by deploying more resources, hiring more staff and moving to larger, better-located premises in the city (Moore, 2006b). The question this paper seeks to answer is how we can best explain this paradox. Why should the 'Europe of the Regions' be such a marginal idea when there is clear evidence to support a stronger and increasingly mobilised regional level establishing itself at the heart of the decision-making centre in Brussels? What contribution does a regional presence in Brussels make to territorial politics? How is regional engagement in EU affairs manifesting itself and what are the implications for the future of regional Europe? These core questions underpin the reflections presented in this paper. In seeking to address this paradox, the paper is structured into three sections. The first section considers the institutional dimension of regional engagement in Brussels, arguing that the presence of a regional grouping around the EU decision-makers contributes substantially to regional interest mediation. The permanence of this engagement can be regarded as the institutionalisation of a regional voice in Brussels. The second section then addresses the scope and extent of that regional voice, examining the core measures by which we can identify an increasing presence for regional actors within the EU. It considers the 'value added' of this regional grouping both to the EU decision-makers and to key actors within the home regions. The third section of the paper then focuses on the fact that a number of different clusters of regional actors are emerging within the Brussels arena today. Analysis of divergent roles and strategies provides further explanation for the declining salience of the concept of a "Europe of the Regions", given the contrasting aims and agendas of different types of regional actors.
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7980/1/moore%2Dc%2D11e.pdf
Moore, Carolyn. (2007) A Europe of the Regions vs. the Regions in Europe: reflections on regional engagement in Brussels. In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7980/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7986
2011-02-15T22:51:24Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303238
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:44303033303032
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Europeanisation as a contest: The EU and sub-national governance in Bulgaria"
Nikolova, Pavlina.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
enlargement
subnational/regional/territorial
Bulgaria
[From the introduction] This article assesses the reforms in sub-national governance in Bulgaria in the years of postcommunist transition and pre-accession (1991-2005) in order to make conclusions about Europeanisation and domestic responses in candidate states. It draws on a number of Bulgarian policy documents and Commission reports and on forty semi-structured interviews with officials of the European Commission, Bulgarian national ministries and sub-national authorities in the period April-August 2004. The article proceeds by briefly outlining the theoretical framework. Europeanisation is a concept originally developed for member states and it is therefore necessary to take into account the specifics of the enlargement process at the theoretical level in order to be able to apply it to Bulgaria. In the second part of this article it is argued that the models provided by the EU in the area of sub-national governance are fuzzy, the Commission preferences were incoherent across DGs and over time, and the tools for exercising EU pressure (the mechanisms for Europeanisation) leaked out EU influence and allowed models and pressures from elsewhere to filter in. The third part of this paper examines the reforms in the administrative-territorial organisation of Bulgaria while the fourth section focuses on the creation and content of the national policy for addressing territorial disparities (regional policy). The concluding part reflects upon the utility of the concept of Europeanisation to explain processes of change beyond the EU territorial boundaries and about the challenges of future Europeanisation research on recent entrants as Bulgaria.
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7986/1/nikolova%2Dp%2D07i.pdf
Nikolova, Pavlina. (2007) "Europeanisation as a contest: The EU and sub-national governance in Bulgaria". In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7986/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:8901
2017-12-14T16:24:28Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D45:45303031
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
Future Perspectives on Territorial Cooperation in Europe: The EC Regulation on a European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation and the Planned Council of Europe Third Protocol to the Madrid Outline Convention concerning Euroregional Co–operation Groupings. EDAP 3/2007
Engl, Alice.
governance: EU & national level
Council of Europe
subnational/regional/territorial
The aim of this paper is to describe, analyze and compare the recent legal developments regarding territorial cooperation that can be observed on the international and supranational level in Europe: the EC Regulation on a European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation adopted in 2006, on the one hand, and the planned Third Protocol to the European Outline Convention on Transfrontier Co–operation between Territorial Communities and Authorities concerning Euroregional Co–operation Groupings of the Council of Europe, on the other hand. Which future perspectives for territorial cooperation in Europe do these two new tools open and what could be the added value of having two (rather similar) instruments? These are just two of the questions standing behind this paper, entitled “Future Perspectives for Territorial Cooperation in Europe”, which–towards its end–will eventually come back to one of the most crucial determinants for the future development of territorial cooperation in Europe, i.e. the attitude of the national states towards CBC and their respective constitutional provisions.
2007
Working Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/8901/1/2007_edap03.pdf
Engl, Alice. (2007) Future Perspectives on Territorial Cooperation in Europe: The EC Regulation on a European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation and the Planned Council of Europe Third Protocol to the Madrid Outline Convention concerning Euroregional Co–operation Groupings. EDAP 3/2007. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/8901/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:9045
2011-02-15T22:58:33Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303437
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:44303032303032
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D64697363757373696F6E7061706572
European Union - New Impulses for the Decade Ahead = Europäische Union - Neue Impulse für die kommende Dekade. ZEI Discussion Paper C185, 2008
Pottering, Hans Gert.
governance: EU & national level
common foreign & security policy 1993--European Global Strategy
culture policy
subnational/regional/territorial
[From the Introduction]. I would like to discuss three issues today which are directly related to the important work of ZEI and to the opportunity which European integration is providing for the further development of academic life across the EU: • the opportunity of re-thinking the relationship between the different levels of governance in Europe; • the opportunity to contribute to the dialogue among cultures, which is especially dear to us in this European Year of Intercultural Dialogue; • the opportunity of a new form of encounter between Europe and other parts of the world.
2008
Discussion Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/9045/1/dp_c185_Poettering.pdf
Pottering, Hans Gert. (2008) European Union - New Impulses for the Decade Ahead = Europäische Union - Neue Impulse für die kommende Dekade. ZEI Discussion Paper C185, 2008. [Discussion Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/9045/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:11785
2011-02-15T23:16:45Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303233
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:676C6F62616C69736174696F6E676C6F62616C697A6174696F6E
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
The Politics of Adjustment and Coordination at the Regional Level: The Basque Country. CES Working Papers Series 171, 2009
Royo, Sebastian
globalisation/globalization
Spain
subnational/regional/territorial
Is globalization forcing non-“Coordinated Market Economies” such as Spain to converge on an Anglo-American model? This paper seeks to build on the hypotheses generated by the literature on “Varieties of Capitalism” to analyze the challenges of developing and sustaining coordination while adjusting for economic change. In particular it seeks to explore ways in which subnational factors promote the ability of socioeconomic actors to develop public-private institutions. By focusing on a particular autonomous region of Spain, the Basque Country, this paper will explore the role of institutional arrangements at the regional level in determining national adjustment. In the Basque Country the relative power and the particular interests of the regional state have been central factors in promoting distinctive patterns of coordination. At the same time, actors’ preferences and policy outcomes have been constrained by the differences in the quality and configuration of institutional frameworks, political deals, and the existing economic structure.
2009
Working Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/11785/1/CES_171.pdf
Royo, Sebastian (2009) The Politics of Adjustment and Coordination at the Regional Level: The Basque Country. CES Working Papers Series 171, 2009. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/11785/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:12111
2014-08-01T02:57:44Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:443030316C61776C6567616C61666661697273:443030316C61776C6567616C61666661697273636F6D706E6174696D70
74797065733D706F6C6963797061706572
The Role of Subnational Authorities in the Implementation of EU Directives. IHS Political Science Series No. 119, November 2009
Borghetto, Enrico
Franchino, Fabio.
compliance/national implementation
subnational/regional/territorial
Studies on the role of regions in the EU policy process concentrate mainly on policy formulation and implementation of regional funds. In this article, we redress this bias by investigating the formal role of subnational authorities in the implementation of EU regulatory policies, specifically in the transposition of directives. Subnational authorities play a secondary, but increasingly important, role in the application of these measures. Their impact is greater on environmental and social policies, as also on public contract legislation. More decentralized states display higher levels of subnational involvement but, in these states, regional participation in national policymaking and a high number of regional authorities decrease the likelihood of finding subnational measures of transposition. There is also more subnational involvement in states with territories that have both an elected government as well as special arrangements regulating their relations with the EU. Finally, subnational involvement tends to prolong the process of transposition.
2009-11
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/12111/1/pw_119.pdf
Borghetto, Enrico and Franchino, Fabio. (2009) The Role of Subnational Authorities in the Implementation of EU Directives. IHS Political Science Series No. 119, November 2009. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/12111/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:12113
2019-12-13T18:01:54Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303339:74706A6861706A63636D696D6D6967726174696F6E706F6C696379
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D64697363757373696F6E7061706572
Die Migrationspolitik der EU. Herausforderung zwischen nationaler Selbstbestimmung und europäischer Konvergenz. = The migration policy of the EU. Challenge between national self-determination and European convergence. ZEI Discussion Paper No. 196, November 2009
Hommers, Ina.
subnational/regional/territorial
immigration policy
No Abstract.
2009
Discussion Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/12113/1/dp_c196_Hommers.pdf
Hommers, Ina. (2009) Die Migrationspolitik der EU. Herausforderung zwischen nationaler Selbstbestimmung und europäischer Konvergenz. = The migration policy of the EU. Challenge between national self-determination and European convergence. ZEI Discussion Paper No. 196, November 2009. [Discussion Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/12113/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:12379
2011-02-15T23:20:18Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:627564676574706F6C696379
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D61727469636C65
The European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC): New Spaces and Contracts for European Integration
Spinaci, Gianluca
Vara-Arribas, Gracia.
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
budgets & financing
The European Union is becoming one undivided continent, where territories are faced with borderless economic, social and environmental challenges while still being governed through traditional institutional boundaries. Integration raises the question of cohesion among different territories, and territorial cohesion is a new objective for the Union according to the Lisbon Treaty. Cooperation between territories, beyond frontiers and across different institutional layers, is becoming crucial to provide multi-level governance to new functional regions. The European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC), a new legal and governance tool established by Regulation 1082/2006, was conceived as a substantial upgrade for this multi-level governance and "beyond-the-border" cooperation. Three years after its adoption, a number of EGTCs have been set up, and new ones are in the pipeline. Despite their early stage, these new ventures are generating interesting dynamics, revamping inter-institutional cross-border partnerships and establishing a new cooperation geography. However, promoting best practice partnerships would require a broader European policy. This article considers possible institutional incentives such as the "contractualisation" of the cooperation between the European Commission and the EGTCs. These Groupings truly are new governance "contracts" of multilevel cross-border cooperation, which can become creative engines for local development and deeper European integration. This provides food for thought for the EU policy and budgetary package after 2013.
2009
Article
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/12379/1/20100114121643_Eipascope_2009_2_Article1.pdf
Spinaci, Gianluca and Vara-Arribas, Gracia. (2009) The European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC): New Spaces and Contracts for European Integration. EIPAScope, 2009 (2). pp. 5-13.
http://aei.pitt.edu/12379/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:13459
2011-02-15T23:27:06Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:4430303170707061
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D61727469636C65
The Development of the European Administration: Fundamental Concepts and Approaches
Matei, Ani.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
public policy/public administration
subnational/regional/territorial
The study approaches in an unitary manner, the fundamental concepts of the theoretical and practical accomplishment of an European public administration: the European Administrative Space, the convergence and the administrative dynamics and the Europeanization. In the absence of a specific acquis communautaire, the European administration includes all the experiences and evolutions with relevant impact at national level, connected to the principles of a responsible and transparent administration, founded on the grounds of efficiency and efficacy. Particularly agreed upon within the constituent treaties of the European Union, these principles might form the general standards not only for the process of acceding to the European Union, but also for the convergence towards an European model of public administration. The efforts of analysts and specialists to describe the real evolution process of national administrations are with no doubt, extremely important, even though at some point, contradictory. The model of European administration makes use of the systemic analysis and offers the conceptual framework needed for covering the diverse problematic it encompasses
Rosetti Publishing House,Romania
2004-09
Article
PeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/13459/1/The_Development_of_the_European_Administration.mht.pdf
Matei, Ani. (2004) The Development of the European Administration: Fundamental Concepts and Approaches. Romanian Review of Community Law (in Romanian) (3). pp. 22-28.
http://aei.pitt.edu/13459/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:13688
2011-02-15T23:28:36Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F7067646D706D
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303138:656C6D6C61626F75726C61626F72
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:676C6F62616C69736174696F6E676C6F62616C697A6174696F6E
7375626A656374733D46:46303131
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7375626A656374733D44:44303031:443030316C61776C6567616C61666661697273:443030316C61776C6567616C61666661697273636F6D706E6174696D70
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
Changes in the workplace and the dialogue of labor scholars in the "global village." WP C.S.D.L.E. "Massimo D'Antona" .INT - 50/2007
Caruso, Bruno.
governance: EU & national level
labour/labor
Italy
globalisation/globalization
compliance/national implementation
subnational/regional/territorial
decision making/policy-making
This essay comprises three connected but conceptually separate parts. The first part, which is prevalently methodological in nature, contains as yet provisional reflections on the use of the tools of comparative analysis in labour law. This is a crucial issue that has to be reconsidered within the context of an era in which the territorial dimension of the regulation of labour relations no longer necessarily coincides with that of the nation state, and others become equally pertinent: the infranational, the European supranational and the global transnational dimensions. This was the guiding principle of the seminar from which the present paper originated. The second part focuses on the contents of the dialogue between labour law experts worldwide when faced with the radical changes in labour in the post-Fordist era. This transnational dialogue is an event which may be the prelude to the circulation of concepts and regulatory proposals, if not actual models, tending towards global governance of certain dynamics which are currently transforming labour. It is therefore assumed that the international labour law community cannot but accept responsibility for an open-minded interpretation of fundamental social rights, leading towards their global affirmation and effectiveness; an interpretation which, given its openness, must of necessity be of a comparative nature, not least by virtue of the many positive examples provided by high courts operating at a national, supranational and transnational level. This part will introduce a critique of certain cultural mindsets regarding the relationship between comparative legal analysis, national legal systems and market globalisation, attitudes which are not exhibited explicitly but, as often happens in dialogue between labour law scholars, come in the form of political and ideological pre-comprehension; attitudes frequently hovering in the background when specific issues are dealt with. The third and last part, which is closely connected with the previous one, presents a possible new cultural approach to some salient issues, chosen merely by way of example and treated in a general fashion: a) the problem of the relationship between territorial levels of regulation; b) the relationship between the weight and consistency of different regulatory sources (hard vs. soft law) and the related issues of governance. Reference to these issues confirms the increasingly axiological and normative, as compared with cultural and cognitive, function of comparative legal analysis in the era of globalisation. The analysis of these issues is mainly inspired by the constructive critical relativism of Michael Ost and Francois van de Kerchove. The approach is one of trying to imagine a possible way of avoiding certain dangerous epistemic traps that are widespread in current labour law analysis in Italy and elsewhere: the neo-liberal drift or a Third Way topdown approach, or again, the conservative, uncritical defence of tradition. An attempt will, however, be made not to lose sight of those legal principles that are an integral part of the labour law DNA and the values enshrined in the fundamental and constitutional social rights handed down by European "labour law" (legal) tradition.
2007
Working Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/13688/1/caruso_n50%2D2007int.pdf
Caruso, Bruno. (2007) Changes in the workplace and the dialogue of labor scholars in the "global village." WP C.S.D.L.E. "Massimo D'Antona" .INT - 50/2007. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/13688/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:13691
2011-02-15T23:28:37Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303037
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303138:656C6D6C61626F75726C61626F72
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:443030316C61776C6567616C61666661697273:443030316C61776C6567616C61666661697273636F6D706E6174696D70
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
The Transposition of EU Antidiscrimination Legislation into German Labour Law. WP C.S.D.L.E. "Massimo D'Antona" .INT - 53/2007
Fuchs, Maximilian.
labour/labor
Germany
compliance/national implementation
subnational/regional/territorial
Before I get down to the main focus of my topic, the transposition of European anti-discrimination directives into German labour law I would like to give a short overview of the legal situation that existed before the German legislator transposed the directives. There are two reasons for this. Firstly, we will be able to retrace the extent to which the German legislator had been in a position to make an effective contribution to combating discrimination before Art. 13 was included in the EC Treaty by the Treaty of Amsterdam, which was the basis for then enacting the antidiscrimination directive. Secondly, even after the enactment of this directive it was generally believed in Germany that no transposition was in fact necessary as its essential elements were already anchored in German law….As you probably know, Germany has missed nearly every deadline provided for in the European directives combating discrimination. And it was only in August 2006 that Germany discharged its duties under European law. In the following I shall present the various attempts made in my country to transpose the directives and to show the difficulties and hurdles which could not be overcome. It is a story of the clashes between different legal orders, the European legal order and the domestic German legal order, clashes I would say, between different legal mentalities.
2007
Working Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/13691/1/fuchs_n53%2D2007int.pdf
Fuchs, Maximilian. (2007) The Transposition of EU Antidiscrimination Legislation into German Labour Law. WP C.S.D.L.E. "Massimo D'Antona" .INT - 53/2007. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/13691/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:14450
2019-12-10T21:24:46Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D706F6C6963797061706572
Success Factors of Macro-Regional Cooperation: the Example of the Baltic Sea Region. Bruges Political Research Papers No. 12, March 2010
Salines, Marion.
subnational/regional/territorial
As illustrated by the recent adoption of the European Union Baltic Sea Strategy, a new level of governance seems to be emerging in the European integration process, i.e. the macroregional level. The present paper aims at identifying the necessary ingredients for successful macro-regional cooperation. It draws on the example of the Baltic Sea Region (BSR), where the combination of intense cooperation and of heterogeneity is particularly interesting to analyze. The author argues that effective macro-regional cooperation requires four factors: a common perception of interests, a common identity, a well-balanced cooperation method, and the involvement of the EU. The respective relevance of each of these factors is tested and some key strengths and weaknesses of cooperation in the Baltic Sea Region are identified.
2010-03
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/14450/1/wp12_Salines.pdf
Salines, Marion. (2010) Success Factors of Macro-Regional Cooperation: the Example of the Baltic Sea Region. Bruges Political Research Papers No. 12, March 2010. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/14450/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:14504
2011-02-15T23:34:09Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303335
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:4430303170707061
7375626A656374733D41:7265736561726368696E6777726974696E6745554954
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:443030316C61776C6567616C61666661697273:443030316C61776C6567616C61666661697273636F6D706E6174696D70
74797065733D64697363757373696F6E7061706572
A multidisciplinary doctoral research program in administrative sciences. The economic and social impact of public administration Europeanization
Matei, Lucica
Matei, Ani
governance: EU & national level
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
social policy
compliance/national implementation
subnational/regional/territorial
public policy/public administration
researching and writing the EU (see also integration theory in this section)
In the current paper, we aim to formulate the objectives, contents and syllabus of a discipline that will approach the complex issue of evaluating the economic and social impact of public administration Europeanization in a methodological and educational way. The research topic is new on one hand, determined by the behaviour novelty of EU against the Member States, which have a founding status, or new EU adhering countries (2007) and vice versa the behaviour of Member States towards the EU in different development stages, and on the other hand, the topic has outgrown the full age and started the biological maturity process with every EU enlargement stage. The general directions and mechanisms supporting the above activity will be as follows: - Multidisciplinary approach of the Europeanization processes, describing the systemic mechanisms of development, adjustment and self-adjustment, specific for the convergence and dynamics of national public administrations. - Evaluating the economic and social impact of national public administrations Europeanization by substantiating statistic models and relevant socio-economic indicators. - Making operational a theoretical and empirical framework by means of significant analyses, methodologies and case studies for the topic approached. We aim to evaluate the economic and social impact through: - Quantitative and qualitative indicators in view to determine the degree of administrative and economic convergence. - Framework models of organisational analysis for Europeanization of representative institutions in national, central or local governments. - Socio-economic indicators and models aimed at determining the costs of bureaucracy and correlating their trends with the economic performance. - Statistic indicators concerning the influence of the meritocratic criteria in the civil service development on the economic growth and public sector performance
2010-09
Discussion Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/14504/1/EGPA_2010_Economic_and_Social_Impact_Europeanization.pdf
Matei, Lucica and Matei, Ani (2010) A multidisciplinary doctoral research program in administrative sciences. The economic and social impact of public administration Europeanization. [Discussion Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/14504/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:14629
2011-02-15T23:34:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:4430303245552D4E6F72746865726E44696D656E73696F6E
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:443030324575726F7065616E4E65696768626F7572686F6F64506F6C696379
7375626A656374733D46:46303334
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:64303032627372
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D706F6C6963797061706572
Sub-national governance structures in the Northern Dimension and the Black Sea Synergy: perspectives for European regionalism. Policy Paper No. 14, July 2010
Turkina, Ekaterina.
Russia
EU-Northern Dimension
EU-Black Sea region
European Neighbourhood Policy
subnational/regional/territorial
This paper investigates the emergence and effects of European regionalism and the European Union’s (EU) external governance in the Northern Dimension (ND) and the Black Sea Synergy (BSS), two regional cooperation partnerships within the European Neighborhood Policy. In particular, it explores the evolution, development, configuration, and structural properties of the regional interorganizational cooperation systems and examines their effects on democratic governance and policymaking in the Russian northwestern and southern regions that participate in the ND and BSS initiatives. The paper also examines local factors that account for the resistance to or acceptance of EU norms and standards. The results of the analysis indicate that the intensity and effectiveness of regional cooperation and regional convergence of policies and approximation to EU norms and standards depend on the degree of decentralization, density, and cohesiveness of regional cooperation networks, and also on the regional ethno-cultural, historical, and geopolitical contexts.
2010
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/14629/1/2010%2DSub%2DNational_Governance.pdf
Turkina, Ekaterina. (2010) Sub-national governance structures in the Northern Dimension and the Black Sea Synergy: perspectives for European regionalism. Policy Paper No. 14, July 2010. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/14629/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:15383
2011-02-15T23:40:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:4430303170707061
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D46:46303139
7375626A656374733D46:46303131
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
Public Sector Modernization Trends of the Member States of European Union: Trajectories of Reforms in Italy and Romania
Meneguzzo, Marco
Fiorani, Gloria
Mititelu, Cristina
Matei, Lucica
Matei, Ani
Cipolleta, Germano.
governance: EU & national level
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
Italy
public policy/public administration
Romania
subnational/regional/territorial
Research on administrative reform in Europe has demonstrated a significant variation among countries in how they choose reform strategy. We know very little about what explains the variation with regard to the extent with which the countries conduct the reforms and how they effectively influenced modernization process. Since 1980s, reactions of countries have been to maintain, modernise, marketise or minimise their public sector (Pollitt, Bouckaert 2004). The paper investigates the markedly features of reform trends, similarities and differences in design and implementation, taking into consideration the effects of Europeanization and the multi-level governance of Public Management reforms; identifies conditions for lasting success of local governments reforms and the reasons for lack of success of different trends of modernisation and proposes a new perspective on the trajectories of modernization in public sector, through a comparative analyses between one of the founder member of EU (Italy) and a new EU member country (Romania). Therefore, the paper will: undertake an in-depth evaluation of public management modernization trends in both countries explaining the significant variation in the objectives and ‘trajectories' of reforms on the basis of historical-institutional context dependency variable, contents and scope of reforms; perform an analysis of experiences of implementing policies and projects of modernization through programmers and common initiatives mostly carried out by the central government. The rewarding initiative '100 Projects' both in Romania and Italy sets an example of cooperation regarding the implementation of activities within the scope of the national programs for modernization and innovation of the public sector.
2010-12
Working Paper
PeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/15383/1/Paper_Conference_SSPA[1].pdf
Meneguzzo, Marco and Fiorani, Gloria and Mititelu, Cristina and Matei, Lucica and Matei, Ani and Cipolleta, Germano. (2010) Public Sector Modernization Trends of the Member States of European Union: Trajectories of Reforms in Italy and Romania. [Working Paper] (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/15383/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:32413
2011-09-14T20:08:19Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
The Evolution and Transformation of European Governance. IHS Political Science Series No. 58, November 1998
Kohler-Koch, Beate.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
From the Introduction. The essence of governance just like that of government is to reach binding decisions. The
difference between government and governance is that government is the organisation in charge
of making binding decisions, resting on a constitutionally defined authority. A government is – in principle – a unitary actor furnished with explicit rights and subject to control according to established procedures. In a democracy, it comes to power and will be substituted in a legally prescribed and publicly controlled process. Compliance to government decisions will be assured by the legitimacy of institutions channeling in an efficient and normatively accepted way the input process and assuring output performance. Governance is the process of bringing
about binding agreements. Any kind of governance is embedded in institutions, enframed in norms and is dependent on authority to assure compliance. Institutions, normative orientations and the source of authority will, however, vary and be different when governance takes place
without government. The interrelationship between institutional settings, norms, and sources of
authority and modes of governance is a central focus of this contribution. It starts from the assumption that the European Union (EU), more precisely the European Community (EC),2 is governed in a particular way, and that the predominant mode of European governance disseminates into member states. Two hypotheses will be tested:
Europe’s supranational Community functions according to a logic different from that of the representative democracies of its member states. Its purpose and institutional architecture are distinctive, promoting a particular mode of governance. The process of ‘Europeanisation’, i. e.
extending the boundaries of the relevant political space beyond the member states, will contribute to a change of governance at national and sub-national levels. Being a member of the EU is concomitant with the interpenetration of systems of governance; any polity which is part of such a ‘penetrated system’3 is bound to change in terms of established patterns of governing.
1998-11
Working Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/32413/1/1208943270_pw_58.pdf
http://www.ihs.ac.at/vienna/IHS-Departments-2/Political-Science-1/Publications-18/Political-Science-Series-2/Publications-19/publication-page:7.htm
Kohler-Koch, Beate. (1998) The Evolution and Transformation of European Governance. IHS Political Science Series No. 58, November 1998. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/32413/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:32581
2011-12-30T20:01:56Z
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7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:44303033436861727465726F6646756E64616D656E74616C526967687473
7375626A656374733D46:46303035
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:44303033303033
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7375626A656374733D46:46303234
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:436F6E7374346575726F7065
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303339:443030313033394575726F7065616E636974697A656E73686970
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F706768646F63
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F706767656E6572616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:7061666664656D6F637261637964656D6F63726174696364656669636974
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:443030326673703139353031393932657063
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:44303032303032
74797065733D626F6F6B
The European Constitution in the Making. CEPS Paperback. May 2004
Kiljunen, Kimmo
Constitution for Europe
European citizenship
common foreign & security policy 1993--European Global Strategy
foreign/security policy 1950s-1992 (includes EPC)
European Convention
Charter of Fundamental Rights
Finland
Sweden
decision making/policy-making
general
historical development of EC (pre-1986)
democracy/democratic deficit
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
Late in 2001, the European heads of government established a Convention to explore the possibilities to make the European Union more democratic, more transparent and more efficient. Little could they have foreseen that the Convention would decide to fundamentally overhaul the existing European treaties and to replace them by an EU Constitution.
Kimmo Kiljunen represented the Finnish Parliament in the Convention. In this book he relates his experiences as a ‘conventionnel’ and explains the proposals of the Convention and how and why they came to be agreed. Drawing on his deep personal involvement in the whole process, Kiljunen presents a systematic overview of the draft EU Constitution combined with an insider’s account of the critical junctures in the work of the Convention.
Kiljunen’s chronicle reflects a strong commitment to the European challenge and a keen appreciation of the imperative that the EU Constitution eventually receives the support of the European publics. For this reason, it will be of particular value in informing the rounds of popular debate that will be occasioned by the ratification procedures in the member states. Written in a clear and accessible style, the book will remain a useful reference source for understanding the history of European integration and the EU Constitution.
2004-05
Book
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/32581/1/20._EU_Constitution.pdf
http://www.ceps.be/book/eu-constitution
Kiljunen, Kimmo (2004) The European Constitution in the Making. CEPS Paperback. May 2004. Series > Centre for European Policy Studies (Brussels) > CEPS Paperbacks <http://aei.pitt.edu/view/series/SMCEPSPaperbacks.html> . UNSPECIFIED. ISBN 9290794933
http://aei.pitt.edu/32581/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:32637
2011-12-31T14:20:11Z
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Policy-Making in the EU: Achievements, Challenges and Proposals for Reform. CEPS Paperbacks. June 2009
Kurpas, Sebastian
Acedo Montoya, Lourdes
Kaczyński, Piotr Maciej
Schrefler, Lorna
Renda, Andrea
regulations/regulatory policies
Council of Ministers
European Commission
European Council
European Parliament
decision making/policy-making
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
This report is the product of a joint project initiated by the Centre for European Policy Studies and the Swedish Confederation of Enterprise. Three expert groups of academics, policy-makers, business representatives and other stakeholders were formed to analyse the major issues and challenges facing the European Union today and to put forward recommendations for reform that can realistically be implemented in the short and medium term. The expert groups focused on EU Decision-Making, Better Regulation and Implementation & Subsidiarity.
2009-06
Book
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/32637/1/60._Policy%2DMaking_in_the_EU.pdf
http://www.ceps.eu/book/policy-making-eu-achievements-challenges-and-proposals-reform
Kurpas, Sebastian and Acedo Montoya, Lourdes and Kaczyński, Piotr Maciej and Schrefler, Lorna and Renda, Andrea (2009) Policy-Making in the EU: Achievements, Challenges and Proposals for Reform. CEPS Paperbacks. June 2009. Series > Centre for European Policy Studies (Brussels) > CEPS Paperbacks <http://aei.pitt.edu/view/series/SMCEPSPaperbacks.html> . UNSPECIFIED. ISBN 9789290798859
http://aei.pitt.edu/32637/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:33059
2013-01-08T22:38:03Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303337
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
The Fiscal Anatomy of Multilevel Governance: The EU and the
Regulation of Taxation
Genschel, Philipp
Jachtenfuchs, Markus
tax policy
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
In the decade-long debate about the nature of the European Union, multilevel governance is now the consensus model. Its most popular variant argues that the EU is a “regulatory state” which mainly deals with market integration but leaves issues of high political salience
such as taxation to the member states. While there is indeed no trace of an EU power to tax, we show that contrary to the consensus view the EU by no means leaves taxation to the member states. Instead, it massively constrains their tax base, tax rates, and tax systems. We
conclude that the EU does not only regulate markets but also core political issues such as taxation. The combination of the European regulation of taxation and the maintanance of member state power to tax is an essential characteristic of multilevel governance in the EU.
2009
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/33059/1/genschel._philipp.pdf
http://www.euce.org/eusa2009/papers.php
Genschel, Philipp and Jachtenfuchs, Markus (2009) The Fiscal Anatomy of Multilevel Governance: The EU and the Regulation of Taxation. In: UNSPECIFIED.
http://aei.pitt.edu/33059/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:33127
2012-12-11T16:16:06Z
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74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
Explaining Regional and Local Government:
An Empirical Test of the Decentralization Theorem
Schakel, Arjan
subnational/regional/territorial
Decentralization of policy provision is omnipresent yet we are not able to sufficiently account for the extent of this phenomenon. The decentralization theorem explains the decentralization of policy provision as a trade–off between heterogeneous preferences, inter–jurisdictional spillovers (externalities) and economies of scale. Empirical tests of the theorem have been hampered by a measurement problem on the independent as well as on the dependent variable. This article tackles these problems by using a new dataset which combines a measure of externalities and scale effects of policies obtained from an expert survey with the actual provision of policies across governmental tiers in 40 countries. The analyses show that decentralization of policy provision is not solely determined by functional characteristics of policies but that heterogeneous preferences and other country specific variables such as democracy, economic development and European subsidies, also play a significant role. Hence, this article provides an empirical test of the decentralization theorem.
2009
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/33127/1/schakel._arjan.pdf
http://www.euce.org/eusa2009/papers.php
Schakel, Arjan (2009) Explaining Regional and Local Government: An Empirical Test of the Decentralization Theorem. In: UNSPECIFIED. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/33127/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:39386
2013-01-26T13:31:37Z
7374617475733D707562
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7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D6F74686572
Vers une clarification de la répartition des compétences entre l'Union et ses Etats Membres? Une analyse du projet d'articles du Presidium de la Convention = Towards a clarification of the distribution of competences between the Union and its Member States? An analysis of the draft articles of the Presidium of the Convention. Research Paper in Law 1/2003
Hanf, Dominik
Baumé, Tristan
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
No abstract.
2003
Other
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/39386/1/researchpaper_1_2003_hanf_baume.pdf
http://www.coleurope.eu/sites/default/files/research-paper/researchpaper_1_2003_hanf_baume.pdf
Hanf, Dominik and Baumé, Tristan (2003) Vers une clarification de la répartition des compétences entre l'Union et ses Etats Membres? Une analyse du projet d'articles du Presidium de la Convention = Towards a clarification of the distribution of competences between the Union and its Member States? An analysis of the draft articles of the Presidium of the Convention. Research Paper in Law 1/2003. UNSPECIFIED.
http://aei.pitt.edu/39386/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:41705
2017-12-14T16:41:23Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D46:46303131
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
The Dynamics of Decentralization in Italy: Towards a Federal Solution? EDAP 4/2013
Palermo, Francesco.
Wilson, Alex
Italy
subnational/regional/territorial
This paper analyses the recent process of state decentralisation in Italy from the perspectives of political science and constitutional law. It considers the conflicting pressures and partisan opportunism of the decentralising process, and how these have adversely affected the consistency and completeness of the new constitutional framework. The paper evaluates the major institutional reforms affecting state decentralisation, including the 2001 constitutional reform and the more recent legislation on fiscal federalism. It argues that while the legal framework for decentralisation remains unclear and contradictory in parts, the Constitutional Court has performed a key role in interpreting the provisions and giving life to the decentralised system, in which regional governments now perform a much more prominent role. This new system of more decentralised multi-level government must nevertheless contend with a political culture and party system that remains highly centralised, while the administrative apparatus has undergone no comparable shift to take account of state decentralisation, leading to the duplication of bureaucracy at all territorial levels and continuing conflicts over policy jurisdiction. Unlike in federal systems these conflicts cannot be resolved in Italy through mechanisms of “shared rule”, since formal inter-governmental coordination structure are weak and entirely consultative.
2013
Working Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/41705/4/2013_edap04.pdf
Palermo, Francesco. and Wilson, Alex (2013) The Dynamics of Decentralization in Italy: Towards a Federal Solution? EDAP 4/2013. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/41705/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:42919
2019-12-10T21:27:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:4C6973626F6E547265617479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:706166666C65676974696D616379
74797065733D706F6C6963797061706572
National Parliaments and their Role in European Integration:
The EU’s Democratic Deficit in Times of Economic Hardship
and Political Insecurity. Bruges Political Research Paper 28/2013
Zalewska, Marta
Gstrein, Oskar
Lisbon Treaty
subnational/regional/territorial
legitimacy
The article describes and assesses the role of national parliaments in EU legislation considering the reforms introduced by the Lisbon Treaty. This is closely connected with the understanding and (political) application of the principle of subsidiarity. After an analysis of the possibilities and limitations of the relevant legal regulations in the post-Lisbon age, alternative ways for participation of national legislators on the European
level are being scrutinized and proposed. The issue of democratic legitimization is also interconnected with the current political reforms being discussed in order to overcome the Euro Crisis. Finally, the authors argue that it does not make sense to include national parliaments in the existing legislative triangle of the EU, but instead to promote the creation of a new kind of supervisory body.
2013-02
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/42919/1/wp28_zalewskagstrein.pdf
Zalewska, Marta and Gstrein, Oskar (2013) National Parliaments and their Role in European Integration: The EU’s Democratic Deficit in Times of Economic Hardship and Political Insecurity. Bruges Political Research Paper 28/2013. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/42919/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:43477
2013-10-02T18:08:04Z
7374617475733D707562
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7375626A656374733D44:44303033:4C6973626F6E547265617479
74797065733D61727469636C65
What Does the Lisbon Treaty Change Regarding Subsidiarity within the EU Institutional Framework?
Arribas, Gracia Vara
Bourdin, Delphine
Lisbon Treaty
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
he principle of subsidiarity refers in general to the choice of the most
suitable and efficient level for taking policy action. The European Union
associates subsidiarity with the way of taking decisions ‘as closely
as possible to the citizen’, as it is referred to in the EU treaties. Thus,
ensuring the respect of subsidiarity within the EU legislative framework
ensures that any EU action is justified when proposing draft legislative
acts. The Lisbon Treaty establishes new mechanisms reinforcing
subsidiarity control, both ex ante and ex post the EU legislative process,
and by doing so, enhances mainly the role of the national parliaments
(and to a lesser extent the regional parliaments) and the Committee of
the Regions. But in the end, this is a way of ensuring legitimacy of the
EU action as it is quite often questioned, especially in times of crisis.
Years of practice will tell whether the words will join reality.
2012
Article
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/43477/1/20121213145031_GVA_Eipascope2012_2.pdf
http://www.eipa.eu/files/repository/eipascope/20121213145031_GVA_Eipascope2012_2.pdf
Arribas, Gracia Vara and Bourdin, Delphine (2012) What Does the Lisbon Treaty Change Regarding Subsidiarity within the EU Institutional Framework? EIPAScope, 2012 (2). pp. 13-17. ISSN 1025-6253
http://aei.pitt.edu/43477/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:44270
2013-10-01T15:25:37Z
7374617475733D707562
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74797065733D6F74686572
Subsidiarity between Law and Economics. Research Papers in Law, 1/2005
Pelkmans, Jacques
law & legal affairs-general (includes international law)
compliance/national implementation
general
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
From the Introduction. The present contribution is an attempt to raise awareness between the 'trenches' by
juxtaposing the two approaches to subsidiarity. Subsequently, I shall set out why, in economics, subsidiarity is embraced as a key principle in the design and working of the Union and how a functional subsidiarity test can be derived from this thinking.
Throughout the paper, a range of illustrations and examples is provided in an attempt to show the practical applicability of a subsidiarity test. This does not mean, of
course, that the application of the test can automatically "solve" all debates on whether subsidiarity is (not) violated. What it does mean, however, is that a careful
methodology can be a significant help to e.g. national parliaments and the Brussels circuit, in particular, to discourage careless politicisation as much as possible and to render assessments of subsidiarity comparable throughout the Union. The latter virtue should be of interest to national parliaments in cooperating, within just six
weeks, about a common stance in the case of a suspected violation of the principle.
The structure of the paper is as follows. Section 2 gives a flavour of very different approaches and appreciation of the subsidiarity principle in European law and in the
economics of multi-tier government. Section 3 elaborates on the economics of multi-tier government as a special instance of cost / benefit analysis of (de)centralisation in
the three public economic functions of any government system. This culminates in a five-steps subsidiarity test and a brief discussion about its proper and improper
application. Section 4 applies the test in a non-technical fashion to a range of issues of the "efficiency function" (i.e. allocation and markets) of the EU. After showing that
the functional logic of subsidiarity may require liberalisation to be accompanied by various degrees of centralisation, a number of fairly detailed illustrations of how to deal with subsidiarity in the EU is provided. One illustration is about how the subsidiarity logic is misused by protagonists (labour in the internal market). A slightly
different but frequently encountered aspect consists in the refusal to recognize that the EU (that is, some form of centralisation) offers a better solution than 25 national
ones. A third range of issues, where the functional logic of subsidiarity could be useful, emerges when the boundaries of national competences are shifting due to more intense cross-border flows and developments. Other subsections are devoted to Union public goods and to the question whether the subsidiarity test might trace instances of EU decentralisation: a partial or complete shift of a policy or regulation to Member States. The paper refrains from an analysis of the application of the subsidiarity test to the other two public functions, namely, equity and macro-economic stabilisation.2 Section 5 argues that the use of a well-developed methodology of a functional subsidiarity test would be most useful for the national parliaments and even
more so for their cooperation in case of a suspected violation of subsidiarity. Section 6 concludes.
2005-05
Other
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/44270/1/researchpaper_1_2005_pelkmans.pdf
https://www.coleurope.eu/website/study/european-legal-studies/research-activities
Pelkmans, Jacques (2005) Subsidiarity between Law and Economics. Research Papers in Law, 1/2005. UNSPECIFIED.
http://aei.pitt.edu/44270/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:50547
2020-02-16T15:30:53Z
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7375626A656374733D46:46303033
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Making Autonomies Matter: Sub-State Actor Accommodation in the Nordic Council and the Nordic Council of Ministers - An Analysis of the Institutional Framework for Accommodating the Faroe Islands, Greenland and Åland within ‘Norden’. EDAP 3/2014
Stephan, Sarah
Denmark
Finland
Norway
Sweden
Iceland
Nordic area
subnational/regional/territorial
Sovereign powers are not absolute but exercised in varying areas and to varying degrees by
sub-state, state and supra-state entities. The upward dispersion of power to international
organisations carries implications for the sub-state level, while sub-state governance poses
demands as to the conduct of governance at the international level. It is well recognised that
sub-state entities, such as federal states and autonomies, may have the (restricted) capacity
to enter into international relations. But what capacities do international organisations have
to accommodate autonomies in their institutional frameworks? This paper shall present a case
study of one such framework, namely Nordic co-operation and the accommodation of the
Nordic autonomies, the Faroe Islands, Greenland and Åland, within its institutional
framework. Within ‘Norden’, the position of autonomies has been scrutinised and adapted on
several occasions, in the late 1960s, early 1980s and in the mid-2000s. The accommodation of
the autonomies has been discussed in light of evident implications of statehood and
international legal personality and the institutional arrangements eventually carved serve well
to illustrate the challenges and opportunities international organisations face in the attempt
to accommodate multi-level systems.
2014
Working Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/50547/1/2014_edap03.pdf
http://www.eurac.edu/en/research/institutes/imr/activities/bookseries/edap/Documents/2014_edap03.pdf
Stephan, Sarah (2014) Making Autonomies Matter: Sub-State Actor Accommodation in the Nordic Council and the Nordic Council of Ministers - An Analysis of the Institutional Framework for Accommodating the Faroe Islands, Greenland and Åland within ‘Norden’. EDAP 3/2014. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/50547/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:52659
2020-01-04T22:11:25Z
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7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
74797065733D70726F63656564696E6773
When Europe encounters urban governance: Policy Types, Actor Games and Mechanisms of cites Europeanization
Dossi, Samuele
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
subnational/regional/territorial
This paper examines European Union (EU) causal mechanisms and policy instruments affecting the urban domain throughout the lenses of the Europeanization approach. Instead of looking at EU instruments that are formally/legally consecrated to cities, we use theoretical public policy analysis to explore the arenas and the causal mechanisms that structure the encounters between the EU and urban systems of governance. Policy instruments are related to policy arenas and in turn to different mechanisms of transmission thus originating a typology of European Policy Modes. The paper focuses on four different EU instruments in the in the macro-area of sustainable development and proposes potential game-theoretical models for each of them.
In the conclusions we highlight the differences between this approach and the traditional analysis of EU urban policy, and suggest avenues for future empirical research based on typologies of policy instruments and modes of Europeanization.
2011
Conference Proceedings
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/52659/1/DOSSI.pdf
Dossi, Samuele (2011) When Europe encounters urban governance: Policy Types, Actor Games and Mechanisms of cites Europeanization. [Conference Proceedings] (Submitted)
http://aei.pitt.edu/52659/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:57596
2014-11-18T17:48:03Z
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74797065733D6F74686572
Malta Transformed by Multi-level Governance: More Than Just an Outcome of Europeanisation. Occasional Paper 03/2014
Baldacchino, Godfrey
Malta
subnational/regional/territorial
Malta has been transformed in many ways with and by EU Membership. This paper goes beyond the more obvious impacts of ‘Europeanisation’ and instead reviews the implications of an explosion of multi-level governance on doing politics in Malta. While for most of its recent political history, there has been a clawing back of power by the central government – as when the Gozo Civic Council (1960-1973), an early foray into regional government, was “unceremoniously dissolved” in 1973 – this trend was reversed with the setting up of local councils as from 1994, an advisory Malta Council for Economic and Social Development (MCESD) in 2001, and then EU membership in 2004. These events have created a profligacy of decision-making tiers and multiplied the tensions that exist between different levels of governance in this small archipelago state. Malta has never experienced such pluralism before. In fact, since 1966, only two political parties have been represented in the national legislature and, therefore, there has been no division of powers between the executive and the national parliament. This paper reviews the implications of these developments on two hot political issues in 2014: the International Investor Programme (IIP) proposed by the Labour Government in its 2014 Budget; and the location of a Liquid Natural Gas (LNG)-storage vessel inside Marsaxlokk harbour.
2014
Other
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/57596/1/Godfrey_Baldacchino_final.pdf
http://www.um.edu.mt/europeanstudies/notices/publication_of_occasional_papers_on_maltas_first_ten_years_in_the_eu
Baldacchino, Godfrey (2014) Malta Transformed by Multi-level Governance: More Than Just an Outcome of Europeanisation. Occasional Paper 03/2014. UNSPECIFIED.
http://aei.pitt.edu/57596/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:58403
2015-04-02T15:44:25Z
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7375626A656374733D44:44303031:65636F6E6F6D696366696E616E6369616C61666661697273:65666166697363616C706F6C696379
74797065733D706F6C6963797061706572
Is Independence Possible in an Interdependent World? Scotland vs. the UK's Participation in the European Economy. Bruges European Economic Policy (BEEP) Briefing 30/2013
Hughes Hallet, Andrew
U.K.
fiscal policy
subnational/regional/territorial
Many commentators have criticised the strategy used to finance regional governments such as the Scottish Parliament – both the block grant system and the limited amount of fiscal autonomy devised in the Scotland Act of 2012. This lecture sets out to identify what level of autonomy or independence would best suit a regional economy in a currency union, and also the institutional changes needed to sustain those arrangements. Our argument is developed along three lines. First, we set out the advantages of a fiscal federalism framework and the institutions needed to support it, but which the Euro-zone currently lacks. The second is to elaborate a model of fiscal federalism where comprehensive powers of taxation and spending are devolved (an independent Scotland and the UK remain constituent members of the EU and European economy). Third, we evaluate the main arguments for the breakup of nations or economic unions with Scotland and the UK as leading examples.
We note that greater autonomy may not result in increases in long run economic growth rate, but it does imply that enhancing the fiscal competence and responsibility of regional governments would result in productivity gains and hence higher levels of GDP per head. That means the population is permanently richer than before, even if ultimately their incomes continue to grow at the same rate. It turns out that these improvements can be achieved through devolved tax powers, but not through devolved spending powers or shared taxes.
2013-10
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/58403/1/beep_30.pdf
Hughes Hallet, Andrew (2013) Is Independence Possible in an Interdependent World? Scotland vs. the UK's Participation in the European Economy. Bruges European Economic Policy (BEEP) Briefing 30/2013. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/58403/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:63632
2015-04-30T01:44:05Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:44303035303130
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
Do Too Many Chefs Really Spoil the Broth? The European Commission, Bureaucratic Politics and European Integration, CES Germany & Europe Working Papers, No. 09.2, 5 August 1999
Hymans, Jacques E. C.
European Commission
governance: EU & national level
subnational/regional/territorial
There is a puzzling, little-remarked contradiction in scholarly views of the European Commission. On
the one hand, the Commission is seen as the maestro of European integration, gently but persistently
guiding both governments and firms toward Brussels. On the other hand, the Commission is portrayed
as a headless bunch of bickering fiefdoms who can hardly be bothered by anything but their own in
ternecine turf wars. The reason these very different views of the same institution have so seldom come
into conflict is quite apparent: EU studies has a set of relatively autonomous and poorly integrated sub
fields that work at different levels of analysis. Those scholars holding the "heroic" view of the Com
mission are generally focused on the contest between national and supranational levels that character
ized the 1992 program and subsequent major steps toward European integration. By contrast, those
scholars with the "bureaucratic politics" view are generally authors of case studies or legislative his
tories of individual EU directives or decisions. However, the fact that these twO images of the Commis
sion are often two ships passing in the night hardly implies that there is no dispute. Clearly both views
cannot be right; but then, how can we explain the significant support each enjoys from the empirical
record? The CommiSSion, perhaps the single most important supranational body in the world, certainly
deserves better than the schizophrenic interpretation the EU studies community has given it. In this
paper, I aim to make a contribution toward the unraveling of this paradox.
In brief, the argument I make is as follows: the European Commission can be effective in pursuit of its
broad integration goals in spite of, and even because of, its internal divisions. The folk wisdom that too
many chefs spoil the broth may often be true, but it need not always be so.
The paper is organized as follows. 1 begin with an elaboration of the theoretical position briefly out
lined above. 1 then tum to a case study from the major Commission efforts to restructure the computer
industry in the context of its 1992 program. The computer sector does not merely provide interesting,
random illustrations of the hypothesis 1 have advanced. Rather, as Wayne Sandholtz and John Zysman
have stressed, the Commission's efforts on informatics formed one of the most crucial parts of the en
tire 1992 program, and so the Commission's success in "Europeanizing" these issues had significant
ripple effects across the entire European political economy. I conclude with some thoughts on the fol
lowing question: now that the Commission has succeeded in bringing the world to its doorstep, does its
bureaucratic division still serve a useful purpose?
1999-08
Working Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/63632/1/PSGE_WP9_2.pdf
https://ces.fas.harvard.edu/#/publications/working_papers/101
Hymans, Jacques E. C. (1999) Do Too Many Chefs Really Spoil the Broth? The European Commission, Bureaucratic Politics and European Integration, CES Germany & Europe Working Papers, No. 09.2, 5 August 1999. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/63632/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:63641
2015-08-05T19:56:53Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:44303032303230
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7375626A656374733D44:44303032:676C6F62616C69736174696F6E676C6F62616C697A6174696F6E
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
Transnational Globalization & Regional Governance. CES Germany & Europe Working Papers, No. 06.2, July 1996
Schirm, Stefan A.
regionalism, international
globalisation/globalization
subnational/regional/territorial
Since the end of the 1980s, international relations has experienced a resurgence of regionalism in Europe (Single Market, Maastricht) and the Americas (NAFTA, MERCOSUR). Why did regional economic cooperation gain mo mentum? Theoretical approaches have proved the relevance of institutions, intergovernmental bargains, and na tional interest formation for the emergence of cooperation, but fall short in explaining why new cooperative moves happened in the late 1980s and early 1990s and not earlier. This paper argues that the simultaneous convergence of interests favoring regional organization of states was stimulated by transnational globalization. Since the early 1980s, states had to adapt to the pressures from transnational globalization, from actors and systems which are not shaped by national territories and interests, and which undermined traditional national economic policy and domestic coalitions. Under the new circumstances, joint regional governance on specific policy areas became an attractive option to respond to new constraints. With the conceptualization of transnational globalization as an explanatory factor for regional cooperation this paper does not dismiss other approaches, but rather attempts to complement the research agenda by shedding light on a crucial-but often neglected-aspect of international relations.
1996
Working Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/63641/1/PSGE_WP6_2.pdf
https://ces.fas.harvard.edu/#/publications/working_papers/125
Schirm, Stefan A. (1996) Transnational Globalization & Regional Governance. CES Germany & Europe Working Papers, No. 06.2, July 1996. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/63641/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:63720
2015-04-22T19:52:54Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303037
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:7061666664656D6F637261637964656D6F63726174696364656669636974
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
Democratic Contestation, Accountability, and Citizen Satisfaction at the Regional Level. CES Germany & Europe Working Papers, No. 04.2, 2004
Tvinnereim, Endre M.
Germany
democracy/democratic deficit
subnational/regional/territorial
Democratic theory tells us that competition between political parties fosters more responsive government by disciplining elected leaders. Yet party competition may not always attain the levels desirable for holding leaders accountable, notably at the sub-national level. This paper hypothesizes that variations in competition-induced accountability affect regional, or state, government behavior, and that this variation is reflected in citizen satisfaction with regional government performance. The hypothesis is confirmed using survey data from sixty-eight German state election studies. Specifically, a widening of the gap between the two main parties of each state is shown to affect subsequent individual-level satisfaction negatively. This finding presents a conjecture that should be generalizable to other countries with strong sub-national units.
2004
Working Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/63720/1/PSGE_04_2.pdf
https://ces.fas.harvard.edu/#/publications/working_papers/66
Tvinnereim, Endre M. (2004) Democratic Contestation, Accountability, and Citizen Satisfaction at the Regional Level. CES Germany & Europe Working Papers, No. 04.2, 2004. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/63720/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:75534
2016-06-13T18:47:31Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303233
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7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D46:46303032
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Information Guide: Regionalism and separatism in the European Union
Cardiff EDC, .
Belgium
Spain
U.K.
subnational/regional/territorial
A brief bibliography of information sources about current issues of regionalism and separatism in the European Union with a particular focus on Catalonia, Flanders and Scotland. This guide has been compiled in connection with the event Regionalism and Separatism in the European Union held in the Cardiff EDC on 21 February 2013.
2013-02
Other
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/75534/1/Regionalism_and_separatism_in_the_EU.pdf
http://www.europeansources.info/showDoc?ID=1184759
Cardiff EDC, . (2013) Information Guide: Regionalism and separatism in the European Union. UNSPECIFIED.
http://aei.pitt.edu/75534/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:75686
2017-12-14T17:11:31Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303031
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365:70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C
7375626A656374733D46:46303131
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666706F6C69746963616C70617274696573
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
Selbstbestimmung und Parteien in Südtirol: Territoriale und europäische Parteistrategien zwischen Autonomie und Sezession = Self-determination and parties in South Tyrol: Territorial and European party strategies between autonomy and secession. EDAP 3/2016
Scantamburlo, Matthias
Austria
Italy
subnational/regional/territorial
political parties
Since the final conflict settlement between Italy and Austria in 1992, ethnic
politics in South Tyrol experienced insightful transformations. The
consociational political system, which was implemented to tame centrifugal
tendencies, has been losing its balance over the last decade, with proautonomy
stances ceding ground to secessionist pressure in the Germanspeaking
intra-ethnic arena. Adopting a contextual and strategic perspective
on self-determination, this article traces the evolution of ethno-regionalist
party strategies on the territorial and European dimension of party
competition through a quantitative and qualitative content analysis of their
electoral manifestos in the period between 1993 and 2013. In line with
newest research on party strategies, the article empirically shows the
strategic capacity of ethnic minority parties to challenge each other not only
by shifting their positions on the different issue dimensions but also by the reframing
of issues. While the increasing competition on the center-periphery
axis leads to a new territorial frame, the rise of secessionism is accompagned
by an end to the pro-European elite consensus.
2016
Working Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/75686/1/2016EDAP_03_FINAL.pdf
http://www.eurac.edu/en/research/autonomies/minrig/publications/Pages/European-Autonomy-and-Diversity-Papers-%28EDAP%29.aspx
Scantamburlo, Matthias (2016) Selbstbestimmung und Parteien in Südtirol: Territoriale und europäische Parteistrategien zwischen Autonomie und Sezession = Self-determination and parties in South Tyrol: Territorial and European party strategies between autonomy and secession. EDAP 3/2016. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/75686/metadataPrefix%3Doai_dc%26offset%3D75687%26set%3D7375626A656374733D44%253A44303031%253A706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334%253A70616666676F7665726E616E6365%253A70616666676F7665726E616E63657375626E6174696F6E616C726567696F6E616C2F7465727269746F7269616C