2024-03-29T01:03:20Zhttp://aei.pitt.edu/cgi/oai2
oai:aei.pitt.edu:181
2011-02-15T22:14:53Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:44303032303134
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D64697363757373696F6E7061706572
The West and Islam in the Mass Media: Cornerstones for a New International Culture of Communication in the 21st Century. ZEI Discussion Papers: 2000, C 61
Hafez, Kai
media
EU-Islam
While Samuel Huntington has forecast a "Clash of Civilizations" for the 21st century, problems between Islam and the West are often more the result of a "lack of communication." While traditional stereotyping and problems of perception between both spheres are old and the result of a problematic history of crusades, expansion and religious rivalry, the 20th century has generated and reinforced distorted perceptions on a large scale. With the development of technology and economy in the post-Fordist era, information and communication have become prime resources for all states and economies. The mass media have helped to transform the world into a "global village," bridging distances and tearing down all sorts of walls of ignorance and prejudice. However, the media also portray many erroneous or one-sided images that misrepresent the West in the Islamic world and the Islamic world in the West. The large-scale dissemination of worldviews that are deeply rooted in the stereotypes and ideologies of religious and cultural conflict poses a serious threat to peace in the globalized world of the 21st century. After the Gulf War of 1991, criticism of problematic aspects of foreign reporting was raised by many scholars and intellectuals in the Islamic world, in Europe and the United States alike. The European Union has repeatedly pointed to the problems arising from erroneous international and intercultural reporting. In 1991 it demanded a revision of the negative image of the Islamic world as projected by European mass media (Conseil de L'Europe, Doc. 6497, Recommendation 1162), and in 1995 the Forum Civil Euromed following the Barcelona-conference repeated that the economic and political ties between the European Union and the Mediterranean would flourish only if cultural stereotypes could be diminished and media performance on all sides improved. The Gulf War was a turning point for a number of intellectuals, scholars, media-watch groups and critical journalists. The dehumanized form of electronic warfare, where the bombing of Baghdad was a mere flash in the programs of CNN, has started to generate a silent revolution. Not all conflicts can be solved by improving international communication but many problems will be understood much more clearly, and since knowledge and understanding are vital for positive relations between Islam and the West, the improvement of media performance must be considered a prerequisite for future development in this field.
2000
Discussion Paper
PeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/181/1/dp_c61_hafez.pdf
Hafez, Kai (2000) The West and Islam in the Mass Media: Cornerstones for a New International Culture of Communication in the 21st Century. ZEI Discussion Papers: 2000, C 61. [Discussion Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/181/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:289
2019-12-13T18:05:39Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:7061666664656D6F637261637964656D6F63726174696364656669636974
7375626A656374733D46:46303231
7375626A656374733D46:46303037
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D64697363757373696F6E7061706572
Möglichkeiten einer engeren Zusammenarbeit in Europa am Beispiel Deutschland - Slowakei = Possibilities of a Closer Cooperation in Europe, with the example of Germany-Slovakia. ZEI Discussion Papers: 1999, C 55
Dzurinda, Mikuláš
Ischinger, Wolfgang
Stern, Juraj
Buerstedde, Ludger
Beuska, Peter
Samson, Ivo
Wenig, Marcus
Machowski, Heinrich
Itanský, Eduard
Alner, Juraj
Kohútiková, Elena
Pfeiffer, Herbert G.
Minaroviè, Maríán
Kulke, Wilhelm
Ochmann, Cornelius
Šubeníková, Ol’ga
Slovak Republic
media
democracy/democratic deficit
Germany
Center for European Integration Studies, University of Bonn
Wenig, Marcus
1999
Discussion Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/289/1/dp_c55_wenig.pdf
Dzurinda, Mikuláš and Ischinger, Wolfgang and Stern, Juraj and Buerstedde, Ludger and Beuska, Peter and Samson, Ivo and Wenig, Marcus and Machowski, Heinrich and Itanský, Eduard and Alner, Juraj and Kohútiková, Elena and Pfeiffer, Herbert G. and Minaroviè, Maríán and Kulke, Wilhelm and Ochmann, Cornelius and Šubeníková, Ol’ga (1999) Möglichkeiten einer engeren Zusammenarbeit in Europa am Beispiel Deutschland - Slowakei = Possibilities of a Closer Cooperation in Europe, with the example of Germany-Slovakia. ZEI Discussion Papers: 1999, C 55. [Discussion Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/289/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:391
2011-02-15T22:15:28Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303337
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F7067646D706D
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:44303035303130
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:4430303170707061
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:65636F6E6F6D696366696E616E6369616C61666661697273:6566616D6F6E6574617279706F6C696379
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
Policy Transfer in The European Union: Institutional Isomorphism as a Source of Legitimacy. JMWP No. 10.97, September 1997
Radaelli, Claudio M.
tax policy
media
public policy/public administration
monetary policy
European Commission
decision making/policy-making
The paper examines public policy in the European Union (EU) by drawing upon the conceptual framework of policy transfer, which has been recently refined by comparativists, and the concept of isomorphism developed within organizational theory. Three case studies of EU policy transfer - namely monetary policy, tax policy, and media ownership policy - are discussed and compared for assessing the potential of isomorphism for the analysis of policy diffusion. The author argues that European institutions, which have a serious political limitation in terms of legitimacy, stimulate policy transfer by catalysing isomorphic processes which diffuse throughout the EU national policy solutions to collective problems. By contrast, policy transfer is severely constrained when there are no national cases to be imitated. In this circumstance, however, European institutions, most notably the European Commission, can overcome the problem by ‘inseminating’ solutions into national political systems.
Barbagallo, Valentina
1997-09
Working Paper
PeerReviewed
text/html
http://aei.pitt.edu/391/1/jmwp10.htm
Radaelli, Claudio M. (1997) Policy Transfer in The European Union: Institutional Isomorphism as a Source of Legitimacy. JMWP No. 10.97, September 1997. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/391/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2085
2011-02-15T22:21:10Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303337
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:65636F6E6F6D696366696E616E6369616C61666661697273:656661454D55454D536575726F
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Media coverage of the single currency in Britain: An assessment of television news in the first year of the Euro"
Gavin, Neil T.
tax policy
media
U.K.
EMU/EMS/euro
This paper will focus on television coverage of the single currency in its initial phase, from December 1998 to January 2000. The corpus of news analysed is drawn from the flagship evening bulletins of the BBC and ITN. The paper explores a number of questions. How salient was news about the euro? How does television deal with the issue of Britain's distance from the economic community that 'Euroland' now represents (i.e., what did television tell the public as the pros and cons of British involvement and non-involvement)? A particular focus here will be the issue of tax harmonization-the extent to which this was cast as a threat to the British sovereignty and the manner in which it is seen to constitute a threat to the legitimacy of further moves towards European economic integration. The paper also looks at the extent to which news about the euro is refracted through the prism of domestic party-political debate. Finally, the decline in the value of the euro is assessed, with particular emphasis on how television explained and accounted for the drop, but it will also assess the manner in which the coverage handled the issue of euro interest rate decision-making. The domestic political implications of the structure of coverage are explored and the paper will finish with an assessment of what the analysis tells us in terms of a prospective 'media impact' research agenda.
2001
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2085/1/002102_1.pdf
Gavin, Neil T. (2001) "Media coverage of the single currency in Britain: An assessment of television news in the first year of the Euro". In: UNSPECIFIED, Madison, Wisconsin. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2085/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2139
2011-02-15T22:21:23Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:464B6F736F766F
7375626A656374733D46:46303131
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:706166664575726F7065616E656C656374696F6E73
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"The Italian media coverage of the EU in 1999: A distracted framing of political reality"
Mazzoleni, Gianpietro
Boni, Federico.
media
Kosovo
Italy
European elections/voting behavior
In this paper the Italian section of the international research on media coverage of the EU in the 1999 European elections is presented. The monitoring of Italian media coverage in 1999 has showed a strong national political and media space, and a very weak European one: the Italian media coverage and political debate had a "domestic" quality, and some important national events darkened the European issues. Nevertheless, the Kosovo war and the eventual peace process was an important issue for it was a good occasion for reporters and commentators to connect some European issues with it, thus creating a link between the Kosovo crisis and other European problems, such as the European Parliament elections.
2001
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2139/1/002190_1.PDF
Mazzoleni, Gianpietro and Boni, Federico. (2001) "The Italian media coverage of the EU in 1999: A distracted framing of political reality". In: UNSPECIFIED, Madison. Wisconsin. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2139/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2174
2011-02-15T22:21:31Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303039
7375626A656374733D46:46303239
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303338
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
7375626A656374733D46:46303137
7375626A656374733D46:46303232
7375626A656374733D46:46303034
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"In the EU's image: The transformation of broadcasting in five Central and Eastern European states"
Rosenbaum, John.
Estonia
Slovenia
Poland
Hungary
media
telecommunication policy
Czech Republic
The European Union (EU) has sought to free up its common internal broadcasting market while guarding against media concentration with the aim of promoting media pluralism and cultural diversity. Member States have been harmonizing their national broadcasting policies with transfrontier EU directives. Likewise, postcommunist countries in Central and Eastern Europe that desire EU membership have begun aligning their broadcasting policies with EU directives. This paper looks at five candidate CEECs that are creating the competitive markets for broadcasting envisioned by the EU: the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Poland, and Slovenia. Until the end of the 1980s the broadcasting system in these five countries were monopolies controlled by the states. Ten years later dual systems of public and commercial broadcasting were in place. This paper examines the influence of the EU's cultural and audiovisual policies, particularly the "Television Without Frontiers" (TWF) Directive, on changes in the candidate countries' domestic broadcasting policies and institutions. The EU's candidate screening process shows that the five CEECs have made varying degrees of progress in aligning their national broadcasting institutions, laws, and policies with the TWF Directive. This case illustrates the typology of positive, negative, and framing integration described by Knill and Lehmkill. However, questions are raised about the appropriateness of the economic candidate countries. Alternative methods from communication research traditions, such as textual analysis and audience studies, are suggested.
2001
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2174/1/002685_1.pdf
Rosenbaum, John. (2001) "In the EU's image: The transformation of broadcasting in five Central and Eastern European states". In: UNSPECIFIED, Madison, Wisconsin. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2174/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2360
2011-02-15T22:22:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303036
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303437
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
“French Media Cultural Policy and European Integration: From National to European?”
Papoutsaki, Evangelia.
media
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
culture policy
France
It is not surprising that a conference on Europe takes place in America. Five hundred years after the Europeans discovered and began to form a “new world” in America, they set out to re-discover their “old world” at home. Will the European Union develop into a ever closer union or even a United States of Europe? Will it transform or even overcome the traditional nation-state? Only the future will provide definite answers. Nevertheless, certain trends of further development can be inferred from the present and past state of the Union. This paper focuses on a limited but critical aspects of European development that may be called the cultural dimension and in particular, the role of the media in the European integration. The aim is to follow the evolution of cultural and media policy in the EU through a combination of conceptual and policy analysis and its participation to the construction of a European identity. France serves as case study, an example of the national vs. the European.
1999
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2360/1/002916_1.PDF
Papoutsaki, Evangelia. (1999) “French Media Cultural Policy and European Integration: From National to European?”. In: UNSPECIFIED, Pittsburgh, PA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2360/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2605
2011-02-15T22:23:11Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:65636F6E6F6D696366696E616E6369616C61666661697273:65666153696E676C654D61726B6574:65666153696E676C654D61726B657467656E6572616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:65636F6E6F6D696366696E616E6369616C61666661697273:65636F6E6F6D696366696E616E6369616C6166666169727362706561
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303130
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Pluralism, the single market and the citizen: The conflict over agenda setting in media ownership regulation"
Harcourt, A. J.
media
general
competition policy
business/private economic activity
This study will examine the politics of problem definition in the area of EU media concentration policy. The main aim of this article is to show how and why problem definition represents a crucial aspect of intra-organisational conflict and bargaining in the EU policy process, particularly by exploring the relationship between problem definition and the choice of policy instruments and solutions. A secondary aim of the article is to consider policy co-ordination in Brussels and infra-organisational conflict from a unique point of view. Conventional wisdom argues that policy issues are badly co-ordinated within the Commission (Stevens and Stevens 1996). The more or less hidden assertion is that the loose boundaries (in terms of competencies) between one DG and another originate a very cumbersome and overlapping treatment of the same issue by different actors within the Commission. In its turn, this creates a problem of policy co-ordination. Stevens and Stevens (1996:10), who have recently reviewed the state of administrative reform within the Commission, contend that the conclusion to be drawn from the foregoing survey of diagnosis, prescription and action over the past two decades is a broadly negative one. This article examines the emergence of legislation for media concentration in the EU as a case study in agenda-setting. Concentration of the media industry has become a significant issue in the EU during the last decade. This is largely due to two consequential developments: new technologies and national deregulation. Particularly in the broadcasting industry, new technologies such as geostationary satellites, digital transmission, and fiber optic cables have led to rapid market changes. Due to the large financial investments required by these technologies, media companies have engaged in mergers and acquisitions to amass the necessary financial capital. National governments have aided this by relaxing media ownership rules, including those restricting cross media ownership.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2605/1/002569_1.pdf
Harcourt, A. J. (1997) "Pluralism, the single market and the citizen: The conflict over agenda setting in media ownership regulation". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2605/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2619
2011-02-15T22:23:14Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D46:46303037
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:706166666C65676974696D616379
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F706768646F63
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Legitimizing Europe? News media and the reporting of European Union politics"
Hodess, Robin.
governance: EU & national level
media
U.K.
legitimacy
Germany
historical development of EC (pre-1986)
The explosion of European Union (EU) authority and the progress made toward European integration in the late 1980s has led policy-makers and academics alike to examine the appropriateness of power at the European union level of governance. The very reinvigoration of the European Union, therefore, has brought with it a number of questions regarding the nature and direction of European governance--many visible in difficulties faced by the EU in the wake of the Treaty on European Union. Perhaps one of the most fundamental of these issues has been that of EU legitimation. In other words, as the European Union has gained in stature, taking on and aspiring to new functions across the policy spectrum, the issue of its legitimacy has come to the fore. Interest in the legitimacy of EU, this paper argues, leads to the study of news coverage, since media have an important function in the legitimation of political systems. 'If' it is true that politics in Western democracies has to be justified in public, it can reasonably be assumed that the public discourse about supranational governance assumes a decisive role in the process of legitimation of European governance structures' (Jachtenfuchs 1994: 17). In other words, understanding media presentation of the European Union is an important aspect of understanding the nature of and reactions to the integration debate. This paper will investigate selected coverage of the European Union in British and German news media between 1985 and 1991 as a means of examining the issue of legitimation within the European Union.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2619/1/002567_1.pdf
Hodess, Robin. (1997) "Legitimizing Europe? News media and the reporting of European Union politics". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2619/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2710
2011-02-15T22:23:40Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303337
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F7067646D706D
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:44303035303130
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:4430303170707061
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:65636F6E6F6D696366696E616E6369616C61666661697273:6566616D6F6E6574617279706F6C696379
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Policy transfer in the European Union: Institutional isomorphism as a source of legitimacy"
Radaelli, Claudio.
media
tax policy
public policy/public administration
monetary policy
European Commission
decision making/policy-making
The paper examines public policy in the European Union (EU) by drawing upon the conceptual framework of policy transfer, which has been recently examined by comparativists, and the concept of isomorphism developed within organisational theory. Three case studies of ‘supra-national’ policy transfer--namely monetary policy, tax policy, and media ownership policy--are discussed and compared for assessing the potential of isomorphism for the analysis of policy diffusion. The author argues that European institutions, which have a serious political limitation in terms of legitimacy, stimulate policy transfer by catalysing isomorphic processes which diffuse throughout the EU national policy solutions to collective problems. By contrast, policy transfer is severely constrained when there are no national cases to be imitated. In this circumstance, however, European institutions, most notably the European Commission, can overcome the problem by ‘inseminating’ solutions into national political systems.
1997
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2710/1/002748.PDF
Radaelli, Claudio. (1997) "Policy transfer in the European Union: Institutional isomorphism as a source of legitimacy". In: UNSPECIFIED, Seattle, WA. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2710/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:2900
2011-02-15T22:24:27Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303138:656C6D656D706C6F796D656E74756E656D706C6F796D656E74
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:65636F6E6F6D696366696E616E6369616C61666661697273:65666166697363616C706F6C696379
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Towards a Europeanization of socio-economic discourses? How the coordination of fiscal and employment policies is reflected in the quality press of large member states"
Meyer, Christoph O.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
media
fiscal policy
employment/unemployment
... The present paper attempts to provide some preliminary answers to these questions by focusing, firstly on the development of media attention devoted to these two governing modes, and, secondly, on how critical recommendations coming out of the peer review process are reflected in publicized debates. As empirical evidence we use the results of content analysis of quality broadsheets in three selected member states as well as standardized interviews that have been conducted with practitioners who are closely involved in the communication of these policies, either on the side of the media or on the side of governmental and institutional bodies. The present paper draws also on the two rounds of national reports drawn up by national experts from ten EU member states. Despite this rather broad empirical base, further research in both depth and breadth is necessary; and the midterm results should be regarded as preliminary.
2003
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/2900/1/139.pdf
Meyer, Christoph O. (2003) "Towards a Europeanization of socio-economic discourses? How the coordination of fiscal and employment policies is reflected in the quality press of large member states". In: UNSPECIFIED, Nashville, TN. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/2900/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:3024
2011-02-15T22:25:04Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666706F6C69746963616C70617274696573
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:706166664575726F7065616E656C656374696F6E73
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:44303035303135
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"The 2004 European Parliament Elections in England: The Impact of Political Elite and Media Framing"
Glass, Bryan S.
media
U.K.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
European Parliament
European elections/voting behavior
political parties
As the widening and deepening of the European Union continues in earnest, there are an ever-increasing number of issues for Eurosceptic elites in England to attack. This paper posits that political elites and the media frame issues in order to create Euroscepticism among the masses. This tactic is taken by political elites in a bid to gain electoral support. On the other hand, the media use Euroscepticism as a way to increase profits. In the 2004 European Parliament elections, the United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP) benefited from rising Euroscepticism among the British public that has been carefully crafted by both Conservative and Labour elites since the beginning of the European project in 1951. A determination of the substantive issues that have consolidated the level of support for this Eurosceptic mentality in the last five years will be made by answering some pertinent questions. Is Euroscepticism a viable party platform in British mainstream politics today? Has the implementation of popularly-supported devolution in both Scotland and Wales made the English more aware of their distinct identity? Do members of the general public who identify themselves as English actually have a tendency to support Eurosceptic candidates and parties and purchase Eurosceptic newspapers? A survey of party elites from across the political spectrum is utilized to shed light on this escalating Euroscepticism. In the end, while the United Kingdom is not the only country facing increased Europhobia, the impact of framing by political elites and the media may force the Labour Party to rethink its strategy of deeper integration but, hopefully, will not lead to a pullout from the EU.
2005
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
text/plain
http://aei.pitt.edu/3024/1/PaperEuroscepticism1.txt
application/msword
http://aei.pitt.edu/3024/2/PaperEuroscepticism1.doc
Glass, Bryan S. (2005) "The 2004 European Parliament Elections in England: The Impact of Political Elite and Media Framing". In: UNSPECIFIED, Austin, Texas. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/3024/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:3125
2011-02-15T22:25:37Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:706166667075626C69636F70696E696F6E
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:44303033303032
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"News Coverage of the Enlargement of the European Union and Public Opinion: A Case Study of Agenda-Setting Effects in the United Kingdom"
Dursun, Oya
media
U.K.
enlargement
public opinion
While the British government has largely been in favor of the recent round of European Union (EU) enlargement, the British public opinion was mostly against it. To account for the gap between public opinion and official policy on enlargement in the United Kingdom, this project scrutinizes the way the British media treats the issue of enlargement following the Laeken Council of December 2001 up until the day of enlargement – 1st of May 2004. The research is contextualized in agenda-setting theory. This project tests both the first and second-level agenda-setting effects, and the consequences of agenda-setting for public understanding and evaluations of the enlargement of the EU. To what extent the frequency of the coverage of enlargement influences how important people consider it to be? Do the frames the media apply translate into patterns the public uses to interpret those affairs? What are the effects of frames on public opinion toward enlargement? To provide answers to these questions, this paper combines quantitative content analysis and survey data through a comparison of the trends in the Eurobarometer surveys with enlargement-related news coverage in The Times, The Guardian and The Daily Mail.
2005
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
text/plain
http://aei.pitt.edu/3125/1/Oya.txt
application/msword
http://aei.pitt.edu/3125/2/Oya.doc
Dursun, Oya (2005) "News Coverage of the Enlargement of the European Union and Public Opinion: A Case Study of Agenda-Setting Effects in the United Kingdom". In: UNSPECIFIED, Austin, Texas. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/3125/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:6556
2011-02-15T22:43:10Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"An emerging European public sphere? Theoretical clarifications and empirical indicators"
Risse, Thomas
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
media
This paper tries to make sense of the empirical and theoretical literature by asking two questions: What do we know empirically about a Europe public sphere? How can we make sense of the empirical findings in light of the theoretical debate on a European public sphere? I concentrate on media reporting on European issues as an-albeit problematic-proxy for the (non-)existence of a European public sphere. The short answer to the first question is somewhat paradoxical: the available evidence suggests that the overall salience of European themes is still low, but that similar meaning structures and frames of reference prevail in media reporting about Europe. The short answer to the second question is that a European public sphere emerges out of the interconnectedness of and mutual exchanges between various national public spheres. An ideal typically European sphere would then emerge if and when the same (European) themes are discussed at the same time at similar levels of attention across national public spheres, and media; if and when similar frames of reference, meaning structures, and patterns of interpretation are used across national public spheres and media; if and when a transnational community of communication emerges in which speakers and listeners recognize each other as legitimate participants in a common discourse.
2003
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/6556/1/001315_1.PDF
Risse, Thomas (2003) "An emerging European public sphere? Theoretical clarifications and empirical indicators". In: UNSPECIFIED, Nashville, TN. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/6556/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:6567
2011-02-15T22:43:13Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Media coverage on European governance: Testing the performance of national newspapers"
Trenz, Hans-Jorg.
media
governance: EU & national level
The conditions for the emergence of a European media public sphere shall be tested by analyzing news coverage on European governance and policymaking of the year 2000. The sample includes eleven daily newspapers in six EU ¬member states. On the basis of a systemic content analysis three types of news shall be distinguished: First, European news characterized by the shared meaning of European events and issues. Second, Europeanized news characterized by the secondary impact of European events and issues on national news coverage. Third, national news on domestic events and issues characterized by evolving forms of European monitoring and rhetorics. By unfolding and comparing these three cases in the different national media, the theoretical argument will be made that a European public sphere can be identified which is based on the mutual observation of issues and events of common relevance and on the parallel development of communicative styles and discourses.
2003
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/6567/1/001318_1.PDF
Trenz, Hans-Jorg. (2003) "Media coverage on European governance: Testing the performance of national newspapers". In: UNSPECIFIED, Nashville, TN. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/6567/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:6569
2011-02-15T22:43:15Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303036
7375626A656374733D46:46303032
7375626A656374733D46:46303037
7375626A656374733D46:46303031
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
7375626A656374733D46:46303131
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666706F6C69746963616C70617274696573
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
'The EU as a political community: A media analysis of the ‘Haider debate' in the European Union"
Van de Steeg, Marianne
Rauer, Valentin
Rivet, Sylvain
Risse, Thomas.
Belgium
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
Italy
France
Germany
political parties
media
Austria
There is huge skepticism in the scientific literature published during the 1990s whether a "European public sphere" actually exists. Many scholars have linked the democracy deficit of the European Union (EU) to a so-called Offentlichkeitsdefizit (literally a "public-sphere-deficit"). Since the existence of a public sphere uniting the whole EU is often indicated as a precondition for taking up any democratization project demonstrating that this public sphere actually extends beyond the nation-state's borders could be an argument in favor of a Constitution that gives the European citizens a voice. This makes this field of research of crucial importance for the political future of the European Union. ... To evaluate whether this criterion of a shared horizon of reference is fulfilled at the European level, we studied media representations of the "Haider debate" in five EU member states, namely Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, and Austria. In early October 1999, Jorg Haider's right-wing populist Freibeitliche Partei Osterreich (FPO) won a major electoral victory in Austria. The coalition formed by the FPO and the center-right Osterreichische Volkspartei in February 2000 led to protests all over Europe as a result of which the Presidency of the European Council of Ministers decided in favor of so-called "bilateral sanctions" of EU member-states against the Austrian government. Eventually, these sanctions were withdrawn in September 2000 when a commission of "Wise Men" judged the situation in Austria in line with the founding values expressed in the EU treaties.
2003
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/6569/1/001514_1.pdf
Van de Steeg, Marianne and Rauer, Valentin and Rivet, Sylvain and Risse, Thomas. (2003) 'The EU as a political community: A media analysis of the ‘Haider debate' in the European Union". In: UNSPECIFIED, Nashville, TN. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/6569/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7224
2011-02-15T22:47:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303338
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303437
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Knowing No Boundaries: EC Television and the Establishment of a United European Culture"
Hanson, Jarice.
media
telecommunication policy
culture policy
Contemporary television has many purposes within a society. It can support traditional beliefs, foster new ideas, support or subvert social policy, and it can be used for much greater political purposes than to merely inform or entertain. As the European Community experiences market forces that change the type of television and the availability of video content, the social uses and the former government or industry philosophies will undoubtedly clash. Moreover, satellite, cable, videocassette and videodisc technologies are changing traditional media behaviors as well as offering new business opportunities and markets for visual content. This presentation focuses on the role of television and related technologies as they bring regional, national, inter, and intra-national information and entertainment into homes within the European Community. Structural issues of media institutions within nations and policies created to control television content are discussed and a proposal to ensure the viability of domestic television that concentrates on the perpetuation of regional culture is proposed.
1991
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7224/1/002472_1A.pdf
Hanson, Jarice. (1991) "Knowing No Boundaries: EC Television and the Establishment of a United European Culture". In: UNSPECIFIED, Fairfax, Virginia. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7224/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7790
2011-02-15T22:50:09Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F7067646D706D
7375626A656374733D46:46303332
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:436F6E7374346575726F7065
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:44303033303032
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:7061666664656D6F637261637964656D6F63726174696364656669636974
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:65636F6E6F6D696366696E616E6369616C61666661697273:65666153696E676C654D61726B6574:65666153696E676C654D61726B65746361706974616C676F6F64737365727669636573
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6C6F626279696E67696E746572657374726570726573656E746174696F6E
7375626A656374733D46:46303135
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666706F6C69746963616C70617274696573
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Why there is (also) No Domestic Public Opinion on Europe: Three Case-Studies from The Netherlands"
Crum, Ben,
Hollander, Saskia,
Van Kessel, Stijn.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
Constitution for Europe
enlargement
Netherlands
Turkey
political parties
media
lobbying/interest representation
democracy/democratic deficit
capital, goods, services, workers
decision making/policy-making
Much debate about the ‘democratic deficit’ of the European Union focuses on the absence of a European public. As long as such a European public is not present, the brunt of the democratic control of EU decision-making will have to be carried at the national level of the member states where well established publics can keep their politicians in check. This paper challenges the assumption that, at least, at the national level there are effective publics to control EU decision-making. Our argument takes off from the classical distinction of Herbert Blumer between ‘public opinion’ and (mere) ‘mass opinion’. While a genuine public opinion may be well established on domestic politics, there are structural impediments for it to develop on EU politics. Indeed, for each of the factors that are crucial in structuring public opinion on domestic politics – parliament, parties, interest groups and the media – different research literatures suggest that they experience significant obstacles in performing the same democratic functions when it comes to EU issues. To demonstrate how these factors conspire to frustrate the emergence of public opinion on European integration issues, this paper analyses the handling of three major recent EU dossiers in The Netherlands: the Constitutional Treaty, the opening of accession negotiations with Turkey, and the Services Directive. It shows how in many respects the domestic public’s opinion on EU issues remains fickle, unstructured and unpredictable, displaying more the characteristics of mass opinion than of a public opinion that can inform democratic decisionmaking.
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7790/1/crum%2Db%2D02c.pdf
Crum, Ben, and Hollander, Saskia, and Van Kessel, Stijn. (2007) "Why there is (also) No Domestic Public Opinion on Europe: Three Case-Studies from The Netherlands". In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7790/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7802
2011-02-15T22:50:13Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303036
7375626A656374733D46:46303037
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F706767656E6572616C
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F706768646F63
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:44303035303131
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:44303035303033
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
An emerging transnational network of communication on European affairs? The European public sphere at EC summits 1969-1991. 7th European Social Science History Conference, Lisbon 26th February – 1st March 2008
Meyer, Jan-Henrik.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
France
Germany
historical development of EC (pre-1986)
media
U.K.
general
Council of Ministers
European Council
This article uses the network concept in a rather open, metaphorical manner to describe the structure of transnational references across European borders in newspaper commentary. The article takes up the debate on an emerging European public sphere, which is frequently defined as a transnational structure – a network – of communication. Even though the claim of an emergent European public sphere requires a longer-term view, historical research has been conspicuously absent. In an attempt to fill this gap, the article discusses the pattern of transnational references around five selected European summits 1969-1991. While there is evidence of an emerging European network of communication, this development is neither linear nor unambiguous. The growth of the transnational network coincides with a more dense national network of communication on European affairs.
2008
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7802/1/MEYER_2008_Network_of_transnational_communication.pdf
Meyer, Jan-Henrik. (2008) An emerging transnational network of communication on European affairs? The European public sphere at EC summits 1969-1991. 7th European Social Science History Conference, Lisbon 26th February – 1st March 2008. In: UNSPECIFIED. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7802/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:7912
2011-02-15T22:50:55Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303037
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:706166667075626C69636F70696E696F6E
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:436F6E7374346575726F7065
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:44303033303032
7375626A656374733D46:46303236
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:706166666C65676974696D616379
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:706166664575726F7065616E656C656374696F6E73
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:44303035303135
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
"Constructions of Multilevel Legitimacy in the European Union: A Study of German and British Media Discourse"
Hurrelmann, Achim.
European Parliament
Constitution for Europe
European elections/voting behavior
enlargement
Germany
media
U.K.
legitimacy
public opinion
[From the introduction]. While academic debates about the EU’s normative legitimacy have reached a relatively high level of conceptual sophistication, and most of the remaining points of contention can be traced back to ultimately irreconcilable differences between various views of democracy, considerably less is known about the Union’s empirical legitimacy. In spite of the regular Eurobarometer reports, there is little reliable data on what Europeans value about the EU, why they accept or oppose its institutions, and on what criteria they base such assessments. Are different evaluative benchmarks used when people judge the legitimacy of the EU, as opposed to the nation state? Are democratic standards less important compared to output- and performance-oriented criteria? In which relevant respects is the EU seen as doing well, and which aspects of its activities are seen as generating legitimacy problems? In this paper, I argue that the most promising way to answer these questions is to focus on the construction and transformation of legitimacy in public discourse. In other words, the dominant strand of empirical legitimacy research in the EU – public opinion surveys such as the Eurobarometer – should be complemented by an approach that focuses on political communication (see also Schneider, Nullmeier and Hurrelmann 2007). After sketching how a focus on communication might help to alleviate some of the deficiencies of existing research on the EU’s empirical legitimacy (Section 2), I apply this approach in a study of British and German media debates surrounding EU enlargement, the Draft Constitution, and the 2004 election to the European Parliament (Sections 2 to 4). The paper yield insights into the construction of legitimating and delegitimating arguments about EU institutions, as well as into the ways in which these are related to evaluations of the member states.
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/7912/1/hurrelmann%2Da%2D02h.pdf
Hurrelmann, Achim. (2007) "Constructions of Multilevel Legitimacy in the European Union: A Study of German and British Media Discourse". In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/7912/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:8024
2011-02-15T22:51:37Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:64303031636F6D6D756E69636174696F6E706F6C696379
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
7375626A656374733D44:44303035:44303035303135
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
Communicating Europe: why so controversial? The Parliament’s webTV project
Shackleton, Michael.
European Parliament
communication policy
media
[From the introduction]. The paper will start by outlining the origins and development of the webTV project in the Parliament and will then turn to the different reasons why it has proved to be controversial, despite (or because of?) the new technical possibilities of the web. It will consider the controversy from three perspectives: first, inter-institutionally, with the Parliament seeking to establish a separate media presence amongst the EU institutions, following the model of other parliaments round the world; second, in terms of the clash between the aim to create a channel perceived as credible from the outside and the desire of those inside to control how they are portrayed; and third, in terms of the increasing tension between a more traditional hierarchically-organised form of communication and a looser more individualistic network approach, where the provider of information can no longer easily dictate the terms of a conversation but is pushed to becoming just another participant. The outcome of the webTV experiment will illustrate the state of the argument in all three of these domains.
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/8024/1/shackleton%2Dm%2D08d.pdf
Shackleton, Michael. (2007) Communicating Europe: why so controversial? The Parliament’s webTV project. In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/8024/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:8054
2011-02-15T22:51:50Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303035
7375626A656374733D46:46303234
7375626A656374733D46:46303034
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
Constructing EU-Criticism in Dominant Newspapers
Vallaste, Katri.
media
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
Estonia
Finland
Sweden
[From the introduction]. In my doctoral dissertation I will seek to clarify the concept of “EU-criticism”. I will not offer any normative definition myself, nor will I argue that one of the various terms used for the phenomenon is more appropriate than the others. Instead, I will discuss how the entire phenomenon is discursively constructed in dominant newspapers1 and juxtapose those representations to EU-critics’ own representations of themselves.2 My assumption here is that “dominant newspapers” are something largely external to EU-criticism. In other words, nationwide newspapers are not the primary channel of expressing critical ideas regarding the EU. I will examine the “inside” perspective by analyzing texts recommended by key EU-critical actors. That is, I will ask them what texts I should read in juxtaposition to dominant newspapers, in order to get a more balanced picture of what EU-criticism is about. I do not suggest that either of the two representations—that of dominant newspapers or self-representations—is more “true” than the other. In other words, I do not propose that EU-critics understand themselves better than do the dominant newspapers, nor do I believe that the latter as an outsider can be more “objective”. I am conducting case studies of EU-criticism in three countries: Finland, Sweden, and Estonia. The first criterion for choosing the case studies was the principle that EU-criticism should be studied in countries where it is claimed to exist, as opposed to countries where it is not. That is to say, all three countries display a high degree of public EU-criticism. Also, Sweden, Finland and Estonia constitute a kind of a “Nordic scale”3 of EU member states. Adding Denmark would have gone a step further on the EU-critical scale. Indeed, adding Norway to the study would have broadened the scale as an example of a country that has not even joined the EU. In each country, I analyze the representations of EU-criticism/EU-critics in the largest daily newspaper: Helsingin Sanomat, Dagens Nyheter and Postimees, respectively. The timeframe for my study is from the year 2000 to 2006. It is common to choose a time period according to some historical events. However, it is difficult to determine an event in the development of EU-criticism that would be relevant in all three countries. Choosing an event from the history of the European Union would not be relevant either, as these affect EU-critical activity and thinking differently in different countries. The study becomes technically more manageable by choosing a relatively recent time period because more of the material can be found in an electronic format, thus reducing the labor intensity of the project undertaken and making it more manageable for a single researcher.
2007
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/8054/1/vallaste%2Dk%2D04g.pdf
Vallaste, Katri. (2007) Constructing EU-Criticism in Dominant Newspapers. In: UNSPECIFIED, Montreal, Canada. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/8054/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:9087
2011-02-15T22:58:48Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303338
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D776F726B696E677061706572
Towards an audiovisual media services directive: an analysis of the Commission's proposal. Egmont European Affairs Publication, 2006
Dehousse, Franklin,
Van Hecke, Karel.
media
telecommunication policy
The current “Television without frontiers” (TVWF) Directive constitutes the basic regulation of the European Community’s broadcasting policy. Adopted in 1989, the Directive provides for the free movement of television broadcasting services in the Union as it requires Member States to guarantee the freedom of reception and transmission on their territory of television programmes which originate from other Member States. Consequently, the Directive harmonized certain national programming and advertising rules. With the aim of protecting the European TV market, it also introduced broadcasting quota for European and independent works. In the light of the rapid developments in the television sector, a revision of the Directive took place in 1997. Since 2002, the Commission is engaged in a new revision process in order to modernise the rules on televised services. It has also examined the possibility to extend the scope of these rules to cover all services which have an audiovisual content, including new media services delivered by Internet, email, mobile communication, etc. On 13 December 2005, the Commission eventually adopted the legislative proposal for the revision of the Directive. The aim of this paper is to analyse the Commission’s strategy in reviewing the regulatory framework. First, we will shortly discuss and evaluate the underlying principles of the present Directive. We will subsequently take a look at the elements which require a revision of the Directive. Third, we will examine the Commission’s proposal and we will conclude with some critical comments.
2006
Working Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/9087/1/060606%2DAudioVis.directive.pdf
Dehousse, Franklin, and Van Hecke, Karel. (2006) Towards an audiovisual media services directive: an analysis of the Commission's proposal. Egmont European Affairs Publication, 2006. [Working Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/9087/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:11266
2011-02-15T23:13:39Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303434
7375626A656374733D46:46303332
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:44303033303032
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D6F74686572
EU-Turkey Accession Negotiations: Impact assessment of Chapter 10 on information society and media. CEPS Special Report, 3 July 2009
Renda, Andrea
Guerin, Selen
Arbak, Emrah.
enlargement
Turkey
information technology policy
media
In the past few years, Turkey has launched very important and ambitious reforms in the information society and media sector. Even more substantial changes are expected in 2009, after the new e-communications law has been approved at the end of 2008. Apart from the 49 expected pieces of secondary legislation foreseen to implement the new Law No 5809, Turkey has also planned important steps in the domain of spectrum policy, with licenses for WiMAX soon to be awarded. This report analyses the current state of advancement of Turkey’s regulatory reform in this sector, and formulates suggestions for reform on the basis of a complex and articulated impact assessment exercise. Our final conclusion is that Turkey may profit significantly from a set of targeted reforms, aimed at solving existing problems that have been highlighted, i.a., by the European Commission and also by the recent ECTA Scorecard 2008. These include, very briefly: • The streamlining of primary legislation, • A more proactive approach towards the liberalization of the fixed-line and broadband sectors, • Efforts to bring the regulatory framework in line with the EU framework, • A clear and reliable plan to drastically reduce taxation in the area of mobile and internet services and • Striving for ‘better regulation’. A new special CEPS report by Andrea Renda, Selen Guerin and Emrah Arbak analyses the current state of advancement of Turkey’s regulatory reform in the information society and media sector sector, and formulates suggestions for reform on the basis of a complex and articulated impact assessment exercise.
2009-07
Other
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/11266/1/1868.pdf
Renda, Andrea and Guerin, Selen and Arbak, Emrah. (2009) EU-Turkey Accession Negotiations: Impact assessment of Chapter 10 on information society and media. CEPS Special Report, 3 July 2009. UNSPECIFIED.
http://aei.pitt.edu/11266/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:14489
2011-02-15T23:34:03Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D41:414E474F73
7375626A656374733D46:46303037
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7375626A656374733D44:44303035:69646F7067:69646F706768646F63
7375626A656374733D41:41303035
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6575726F7065616E69736174696F6E6575726F7065616E697A6174696F6E6E6174696F6E616C6964656E74697479
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6C6F626279696E67696E746572657374726570726573656E746174696F6E
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74797065733D746865736973
Die Europa-Union in der westdeutschen Tagespresse in den 1950er Jahren – Kontinuitäten und Wandel in der Berichterstattung über einen Europaverband = The Europa-Union in the West German Daily Press in the 1950s - Continuities and Changes in the Press Coverage on a European Pressure Group
Grussendorf, Johan S. U.
europeanisation/europeanization & European identity
Germany
historical development of EC (pre-1986)
media
lobbying/interest representation
public opinion
civil society
NGOs
The Europa-Union was the most important association working for a united Europe in postwar Germany. During the 1950’s, it received extensive press coverage by German newspapers. This master’s thesis examines the way in which in these articles constant motives of criticism show up during this period. Furthermore, it focuses on the changes in the comments on the association by journalists of the daily press. Especially the reactions on internal reorganizations resulting in a change of the presidency in 1954 caught the attention. Ernst Friedlaender and his successor Friedrich Carl von Oppenheim had a more positive attitude towards western integration than the former president, Eugen Kogon. Ernst Friedlaender also lead the association in the conflict with the European umbrella-organization Union Européenne des Fédéralistes (UEF). The examined part of the debates on the novel European Integration leads to a better understanding of our European self-conception today.
2007-10
Thesis
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/14489/1/grussendorf.pdf
Grussendorf, Johan S. U. (2007) Die Europa-Union in der westdeutschen Tagespresse in den 1950er Jahren – Kontinuitäten und Wandel in der Berichterstattung über einen Europaverband = The Europa-Union in the West German Daily Press in the 1950s - Continuities and Changes in the Press Coverage on a European Pressure Group. ["eprint_fieldopt_thesis_type_M.A. thesis" not defined] thesis, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin.
http://aei.pitt.edu/14489/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:32324
2011-09-13T14:43:29Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D45:45303130
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:636F6E726573
7375626A656374733D44:44303033:4C6973626F6E547265617479
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:44303032303032
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D706F6C6963797061706572
Worse, not better? Reinvigorating early warning for conflict prevention in the post Lisbon European Union. Egmont Paper No. 48, June 2011
Brante, John
De Franco, Chiara
Meyer, Christoph O.
Otto, Florian
common foreign & security policy 1993--European Global Strategy
UN
Lisbon Treaty
conflict resolution/crisis management
media
Executive summary. The number and lethality of conflicts has been declining significantly since the end of the Cold War, but five new armed conflicts still break out each year. While costly peace-making, stabilisation and reconstruction efforts have helped to end conflicts, no comparative efforts have gone into preventing them from
occurring in the first place. The international community appears stuck in the never-ending travails of managing crises, finding it difficult to act early to prevent new conflicts from escalating. Encouraging signs that this is changing include the United Nations (UN) promotion of the preventive arm of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) and the United States’ efforts to improve its capacity to prevent conflicts and mass atrocities emerging from the Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review. Similarly, since the launch of the Gothenburg programme in 2001, the European Union (EU) has embraced the case for
conflict prevention in policy documents as well as in the Lisbon Treaty itself, making it a hallmark of its approach to international security and conflict in contrast to conventional foreign policy. Yet, it has fallen significantly short in translating these aspirations into institutional practice and success on the
ground. It suffers from the ‘missing middle’ syndrome between long-term structural prevention through instruments such as conditionality for EU accession and development policy, and short-term responses to erupting crisis through military and civilian missions.
The Lisbon Treaty amendments – in particular the creation of the ‘double-hatted’ High Representative (HR) and the European External Action Service (EEAS) – are widely seen as major opportunities to make the EU more capable, active and coherent. We welcome these opportunities, especially the potential
for joint threat assessment and coherence in policy, the improved presence on the ground through EU delegations and the influx of experienced diplomats from Member States. At the same time, our paper draws on research into the warning-response problem to express two main concerns: first, key weaknesses of the old system are not sufficiently addressed such as, insufficient orientation
to longer-term forecasting and effective warning, privileging of crisis management against prevention and divergent dispositions among intelligence consumers. More worrying still, the new system could lead to lower receptivity and slower responses due to growing information noise, excessively hierarchical
relations as well as an even tighter bottleneck in information processing and decision-making at the top of the broader pyramidal structure. We argue that warning-response will always be a challenge and it is unrealistic to get it right all of the time. However, we advance a number of recommendations addressed
primarily to the EU, which could help to mitigate some of the problems obstructing warning for early action:
• to reinvigorate its commitments to conflict prevention and ring-fence institutional resources against competing demands from crisis management;
• to develop a strategic warning doctrine to deal with the uncertainties, overlaps and gaps the current system produces;
• to promote a so-called ‘customer-driven approach’ among warning producers and embrace a number of analytical techniques to improve analysis and warning impact;
• to make sure that the EEAS does not create a culture adverse to warning by replicating the overly hierarchical and formalistic culture pervading the European Commission;
• to devolve analytical resources as well as responsibilities for civilian preventive action to EU delegations and EU Special Representatives to avoid the bottleneck problem;
• to lend more financial and intelligence support to regional and local early warning systems/NGOs, particularly those which integrate warning and response under one roof.
Our paper also addresses the growing importance of the news media and nongovernmental organisations for alleviating the warning-response gap. NGO staff as well as journalists can offer excellent expertise of particular countries and can communicate warnings in some circumstances more effectively than
analysts within a bureaucracy. Moreover, early action sometimes requires public advocacy in order to challenge some of the disincentives to act on the part of governments and the EU. NGOs also play an important role in holding decisionmakers to account for failing to act despite early, clear and well-substantiated warnings. In order to enhance the role of NGOs and the news media we recommend
that:
• the EU should more systematically collect and assess information coming from NGOs and aim to formalise and regularise opportunities for sharing information such as thematic working groups;
• NGOs need to invest more time in understanding how their public communication is perceived by decision-makers and should become more alert to the reputational risks arising from ‘over-warning’, moralising and unrealistic recommendations;
• more efforts need to be made to sensitise ‘news decision-makers’ to biases, both geographical and topical, in their coverage and remind them that besides their obligation towards shareholders/owners, they have to fulfil a ‘responsibility to report’ about impending crises;
• the EU should explore how to support journalists in producing proactive and in-depth foreign affairs coverage, for example by funding organisations that could provide grants for reporting about regions under-represented in the media or issues the news media tend to overlook.
2011-06
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/32324/1/ep48.pdf
http://www.egmontinstitute.be/paperegm/ep48.pdf
Brante, John and De Franco, Chiara and Meyer, Christoph O. and Otto, Florian (2011) Worse, not better? Reinvigorating early warning for conflict prevention in the post Lisbon European Union. Egmont Paper No. 48, June 2011. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/32324/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:39373
2019-12-10T21:28:07Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D706F6C6963797061706572
The significance of EU topics in national media. Has there been an Europeanization of reporting in the national media? Bruges Political Research Papers No. 27/November 2012
Adam, Laura Batalla
media
Criticisms are often voiced at the fact that there is no well-informed European public. However, as the process of European integration has advanced, the media have been
devoting more resources and space to the coverage of European affairs. At the same time, the national media have gone from being mere transmitters of information to
having their own voice on European issues. In this respect, the media have emerged as actors capable of influencing the opinions of citizens, thereby contributing to the
emergence of a European public sphere. The present study analyzes whether a Europeanization of the national media has taken place by studying how national newspapers provide information in Europe and whether a European public sphere is emerging. The results reveal that some European topics
have experienced a certain Europeanization, but there is still an absence of European debate in the respective national public spheres.
2012-11
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/39373/1/wp27_batalla.pdf
http://www.coleurope.eu/website/study/european-political-and-administrative-studies/research-activities/bruges-political
Adam, Laura Batalla (2012) The significance of EU topics in national media. Has there been an Europeanization of reporting in the national media? Bruges Political Research Papers No. 27/November 2012. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/39373/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:43366
2017-11-05T22:31:51Z
7374617475733D756E707562
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74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
2011 and subsequent years are available on the EUCE website at http://www.euce.org/eusa/
n/a, n/a
media
2011 and subsequent years are available on the EUCE website
2013
Conference or Workshop Item
NonPeerReviewed
n/a, n/a (2013) 2011 and subsequent years are available on the EUCE website at http://www.euce.org/eusa/. In: UNSPECIFIED. (Unpublished)
http://aei.pitt.edu/43366/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:44289
2013-09-30T14:15:54Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:443030316C61776C6567616C61666661697273
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303130
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
7375626A656374733D46:46303131
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:443030316C61776C6567616C61666661697273:443030316C61776C6567616C61666661697273636F6D706E6174696D70
74797065733D6F74686572
Saving the Monopsony: Exclusivity, Innovation and Market Power in the Media Sector. Research Papers in Law, 7/2006
Colomo, Pablo Ibáñez
competition policy
law & legal affairs-general (includes international law)
compliance/national implementation
Italy
media
From the Introduction. The Media Sector has experienced a technological revolution in the last 15 years. Digital
encoding of television signals made possible a more efficient use of the radiospectrum. Digital
terrestrial television (hereinafter, “DTT”) allows now for the reception of a significant number
of free-to-air channels.1 Moreover, the use of new transmission platforms (hereinafter,“platforms”), namely cable and direct-to-home satellite (hereinafter, “DTH”) paved the way for the arrival in Europe of pay-TV operators, which finance their activities mainly via subscription
fees. This changing technological landscape is subject to further evolution in the near future, as incumbent telecommunications operators become increasingly interested in making available broadcasting content2 as part of their broadband offer and 3G mobile handsets can
be used for the reception of TV signals....The present paper seeks to ascertain whether the Commission “regulatory approach” towards the exclusive sale of premium content is a sound one, in particular in view of the constant
technological evolution outlined above. The assumptions underlying landmark Commission decisions will be compared with recent developments of the media sector in Italy. In the NewsCorp./Telepiù case, decided in 2003, the Commission imposed very strict conditions to allow the merger giving birth to Sky Italia, on the assumption that the operation created a lasting near-monopsony in the different upstream markets for the acquisition of premium intervened against the media conglomerate Mediaset (which controls, inter alia, the main three private free-to-air channels in Italy) for an alleged abuse of dominant position.17 In fact, and contrary to the forecasts made by the Commission, Mediaset was in a position to acquire the broadcasting rights of the main Italian football teams, thereby excluding the incumbent
(and near-monopolist) pay-TV operator, Sky Italia. This may go to show that the reality of the sector is more complex and evolves faster than one may infer from the Commission practice, thus putting into question its stance regarding exclusivity. The experience of the evolution of the Italian media sector will be used as the starting point for the evaluation of alternative regulatory options.
2006-10
Other
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/44289/1/researchpaper_7_2006_ibanez.pdf
https://www.coleurope.eu/website/study/european-legal-studies/research-activities
Colomo, Pablo Ibáñez (2006) Saving the Monopsony: Exclusivity, Innovation and Market Power in the Media Sector. Research Papers in Law, 7/2006. UNSPECIFIED.
http://aei.pitt.edu/44289/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:67200
2015-10-05T20:23:58Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303339:443030313033394575726F7065616E636974697A656E73686970
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303339:74706A6861706A63636D696D6D6967726174696F6E706F6C696379
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
7375626A656374733D46:46303135
74797065733D706F6C6963797061706572
Ethnography’s Contribution to Newspaper Analysis: Claims-Making Revisited. CES Papers - Open Forum #12, 2012
Mügge, Liza M.
European citizenship
Netherlands
media
immigration policy
Newspaper data are a popular data source for studies across the social sciences. This paper empirically examines the widespread criticisms that this data is hampered by selection, description and researcher bias.
It does so by taking one of the most authoritative European comparative research projects ‘Mobilisation on Ethnic Relations, Citizenship and Immigration’ (MERCI) as its case study given that the resulting publications have inspired many researches on both sides of the Atlantic to apply the so-called ‘claims-making’ method (e.g. Koopmans, Statham, Giugni and Passy 2005).
Drawing on the author’s familiarity with the Dutch part of the data set and field specific expertise, this paper qualitatively re-analyses the claims recorded for Surinamese, Turkish and Kurdish migrants in the Netherlands and reviews the conclusions for migrant transnationalism and integration in particular. It reveals how an ethnographic approach can tackle description bias and researcher unreliability
and brings selection bias into full view. While offering concrete suggestions for incorporating ethnography into
newspaper analysis, it also exposes the limits of these methods for the study of cross-border activities such as
migrant transnationalism.
Ekiert , Grzegorz
Martin , Andrew
2012-12
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/67200/1/CES_OFWP_12.pdf
https://ces.fas.harvard.edu/files/working_papers/CES_OFWP_12.pdf
Mügge, Liza M. (2012) Ethnography’s Contribution to Newspaper Analysis: Claims-Making Revisited. CES Papers - Open Forum #12, 2012. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/67200/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:93270
2018-02-12T13:39:47Z
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7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
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Supporting press publishers in a digital era. EPC Policy Brief, 26 January 2018
Tasheva, Iva
Zuleeg, Fabian
media
The history of media, including press publishing, has always been linked to technology advancement. The sector
has been continuously transforming itself in line with the emergence of new distribution models and evolving
consumer behaviour. Today, digitalisation is the main driver of that change. The media industry has no other option
but to invest in innovation and modernise its business model. Outlets that have proven successful in doing so have
gained access to bigger markets and found new audiences. Those who will fail to keep up with the digital
transformation will progressively lose relevance. As it has already been doing for centuries, the media has to adapt
to a changing landscape.
2018-01
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/93270/1/pub_8229_digitalmedia.pdf
http://www.epc.eu/pub_details.php?cat_id=3&pub_id=8229
Tasheva, Iva and Zuleeg, Fabian (2018) Supporting press publishers in a digital era. EPC Policy Brief, 26 January 2018. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/93270/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:93926
2018-05-22T20:35:57Z
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Privatising censorship. CEPS Commentary, 14 May 2018
Echikson, William
media
There are many things policy-makers can do to fight fake news and propaganda, but they must be careful to ensure they don’t find themselves mimicking the behaviour of authoritarian states.
2018-05
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/93926/1/WE_FakeNews.pdf
https://www.ceps.eu/publications/privatising-censorship
Echikson, William (2018) Privatising censorship. CEPS Commentary, 14 May 2018. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/93926/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:94231
2018-07-03T16:48:55Z
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The legal framework to address “fake news”: possible policy actions at the EU level. CEPS Research Report, 2018
Renda, Andrea
media
This paper argues that the current policy initiatives adopted by the European Commission are meaningful, but still incomplete. The policy response to online disinformation should ideally rely on: (i) the promotion of responsible behaviour in conveying information to end users; (ii) the enactment of a proactive media policy aimed at promoting pluralism and improving the exposure of diverse content to end users; and (iii) the empowerment of end users through media literacy initiatives, and supports to user behaviour.
This document was prepared by Policy Department A at the request of the Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection.
2018-06
Other
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/94231/1/AR_FakeNews_IMCO.pdf
https://www.ceps.eu/publications/legal-framework-address-fake-news-possible-policy-actions-eu-level
Renda, Andrea (2018) The legal framework to address “fake news”: possible policy actions at the EU level. CEPS Research Report, 2018. UNSPECIFIED.
http://aei.pitt.edu/94231/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:97359
2019-05-17T23:32:07Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303036
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
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‘Le Bon, la Douce Brute et le Gentil
Truand’: le traitement médiatique
de l’Union européenne par le Monde,
le Figaro et la Libération pendant la
campagne présidentielle française = 'The Good, the Sweet Brute and the Gentle Truand': the media treatment of the European Union by the World, Figaro and Liberation during the French presidential campaign. Bruges Political Research Papers 70/2018
Mehler, Lucas
France
media
Cette étude constitue une tentative d’analyse de la couverture médiatique de l’Union européenne (UE)
pendant la campagne présidentielle française de 2017. En tant qu’un des ponts principaux entre la
sphère civile et politique, les médias jouent un rôle majeur dans le débat public. Avec l’Union
européenne, ce rôle est d’autant plus important car cette dernière connaît de nombreuses difficultés
pour se rendre visible auprès de ses citoyens. Dans la perspective de construire une sphère publique
européenne, les médias sont donc des acteurs essentiels. A travers une analyse de discours, l’objectif
de ce travail est d’étudier la manière dont Le Figaro, Le Monde et Libération ont couvert l’UE pendant
la dernière campagne présidentielle. Pour cela, cette étude s’est basée sur trois critères (la visibilité,
le ton et le cadrage) afin d’observer l’importance et le sens donné à l’UE par ces trois quotidiens. En
conduisant à la fois une analyse quantitative et qualitative, cette étude apporte plusieurs éléments de
réponse : la visibilité de l’UE dans la presse française a augmenté tout au long de la campagne ; la
question européenne s’est polarisé d’un bout à l’autre de l’élection; la presse française a bien rendu
compte de la fracture électorale autour du thème européen en représentant l’UE à la fois à travers un
cadrage Pro-européen et Euro-critique; et enfin, elle a massivement soutenu le projet européen
pendant l’entre-deux tour. Ce travail montre ainsi que la presse française a joué un rôle important
dans la diffusion de la thématique européenne pendant la campagne et a bien reflété, devant l’électorat
français, la politisation de l’UE.
2018-09
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/97359/1/wp70_mehler.pdf
https://www.coleurope.eu/study/european-political-and-administrative-studies/research-publications/bruges-political-research
Mehler, Lucas (2018) ‘Le Bon, la Douce Brute et le Gentil Truand’: le traitement médiatique de l’Union européenne par le Monde, le Figaro et la Libération pendant la campagne présidentielle française = 'The Good, the Sweet Brute and the Gentle Truand': the media treatment of the European Union by the World, Figaro and Liberation during the French presidential campaign. Bruges Political Research Papers 70/2018. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/97359/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:98662
2019-10-23T13:22:01Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
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Between Anarchy and Censorship:
Public discourse and the duties of social media. CEPS Paper in Liberty and Security in Europe No. 2019-03, May 2019
Bayer, Judit
media
Social media platforms have become powerful enough to cause perceptible effects in societies on a global scale. They facilitate public discussion, and they work with excessive amounts of personal data – both activities affecting human rights and the rule of law. This specific service requires attention from the regulator: according to this paper, a new legal category should be created with clear definitions, and a firm delineation of platforms’ rights and responsibilities. Social media companies should not become responsible for third-party content, as this would lead to over-censorship, but they should have the obligation to create and maintain safe and secure platforms, on which human rights and the rule of law are respected. In particular, they should maintain the transparency and viewpoint-neutrality of their services, as well as protect the personal data of their users. The paper sheds light on the similarities and differences from traditional media, and sets out detailed policy recommendations.
2019-05
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/98662/1/LSE2019%2D03_Between%2DAnarchy%2Dand%2DCensorship.pdf
https://www.ceps.eu/ceps-publications/between-anarchy-and-censorship/
Bayer, Judit (2019) Between Anarchy and Censorship: Public discourse and the duties of social media. CEPS Paper in Liberty and Security in Europe No. 2019-03, May 2019. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/98662/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:102637
2020-03-23T15:02:25Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:706166667075626C69636F70696E696F6E
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D6F74686572
Perceptions of the EU in the Singapore media in 2011. EU Centre in Singapore Research Brief (October 2011)
Hoe-Yeong, Loke
Mohr, Cathrin
media
public opinion
The EU Centre in Singapore is a partner in the Jean Monnet research project ‘After Lisbon: the EU as an exporter of values and norms through ASEM’ (2011-12), led by the National Centre for Research on Europe (NCRE) at the University of Canterbury, New Zealand, and supported by the Asia-Europe Foundation (ASEF). The project seeks to study how the European Union (EU) is perceived at different levels of society in Australia, China, India, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Russia, South Korea, Singapore and Thailand.
2011-10
Other
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/102637/1/ResearchBrief%2DNo1.pdf
Hoe-Yeong, Loke and Mohr, Cathrin (2011) Perceptions of the EU in the Singapore media in 2011. EU Centre in Singapore Research Brief (October 2011). UNSPECIFIED.
http://aei.pitt.edu/102637/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:103372
2021-04-15T15:08:06Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:706F6C69746963616C6166666169727331323334:70616666676F7665726E616E6365
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7375626A656374733D44:44303031:44303031303339:4430303130333968756D616E726967687473
7375626A656374733D44:44303032:44303032303130
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Tailor-made laws in the Western Balkans: State capture in disguise. CEPS Policy Contribution 11 May 2020.
Vurmo, Gjergji
human rights
law & legal affairs-general (includes international law)
EU-South-Eastern Europe (Balkans)
media
governance: EU & national level
Imagine you are the leader of a corrupt political elite in a Western Balkan country, writes the author of this paper in a compelling call to the EU to take note of political realities in this region. You are pressured to fight “widespread corruption in all areas”, but you cannot afford to lose control of the power you have acquired over the years. How do you navigate away from all that pressure? Here is a guide that will help buy you some time… decades literally.
This CEPS Policy Insight takes a lively rhetorical approach to showing how state capture in the Western Balkans has been ignored since the launch of the region’s EU accession process, despite the many examples highlighted by civil society and independent media. It argues that while the EU first acknowledged the clear signs of state capture in an official document in 2016, Western Balkan political elites had already built powerful networks of corrupt interests around them. Not only that, they had already reached the highest point of state capture – tailor-made laws.
2020-05
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/103372/1/PI2020%2D12_GV%2DState%2Dcapture_in_disguise.pdf
Vurmo, Gjergji (2020) Tailor-made laws in the Western Balkans: State capture in disguise. CEPS Policy Contribution 11 May 2020. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/103372/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:103393
2021-05-17T14:09:14Z
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Disinformation in Times of COVID-19: Reinforcing the Responses of the European Union and the United States. College of Europe Policy Brief June 2020.
Brovdiy, Yana
public health policy (including global activities)
EU-US
Russia
China
media
Since at least the month of January 2020, both Russia and China have been trying to influence global narratives about the COVID-19 pandemic in efforts to undermine the credibility and reputation of both the EU and the US in the eyes of their citizens as well as partners around the world.
They do so by creating and spreading disinformation campaigns on the internet as well as through state-backed traditional media.
The EU and the United States have to react not only to prevent negative consequences in terms of public health impacts, but also to preserve their regional and global credibility.
In the EU, the anti-disinformation policy put in place has been usefully implemented since the start of the pandemic but should be further strengthened taking into account lessons learned over the past few months.
In the US, a limited response to COVID-19 disinformation has shown clear gaps in what is yet to become a counter strategy. Developing a solid legislative foundation and raising awareness should be the priorities in this respect, especially in the run-up to the presidential elections.
A joint global approach to disinformation can only be based on successful practices from both sides of the Atlantic, understanding of each other’s differences and compromise.
2020-04
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/103393/1/brovdiy_cepob_5%2D2020.pdf
Brovdiy, Yana (2020) Disinformation in Times of COVID-19: Reinforcing the Responses of the European Union and the United States. College of Europe Policy Brief June 2020. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/103393/
oai:aei.pitt.edu:103810
2022-02-10T16:21:48Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D46:46303239
7375626A656374733D44:44303031:6D656469616D65646961
74797065733D706F6C6963797061706572
The Bohemianisation of the media. The acquisition of the Czech media sector by local billionaires. OSW Commentary Number 378 11.02.2021.
Debiec, Krysztof
Czech Republic
media
The deal finalising the sale of Nova TV to PPF on 13 October 2020 completed the process of key Czech media organisations being taken over by local capital. At the beginning of 2008, foreign entities controlled the vast majority of the Czech media market. However, a wide section of the popular press titles and radio and TV stations was taken over by domestic billionaires in the following years. They took advantage of the problems the owners of traditional media outlets had to face: both temporary (the decline in advertising revenue during the economic crisis) and structural (the increasing popularity of the Internet at the expense of the printed press). The expansion of domestic business empires in this sector was quickly branded as an oligarchisation of the media in the Czech Republic. Local billionaires treated their new assets as tools of political influence. They do not rely on the mass media as a source of profits. Instead, they use it as a means for protecting their businesses from attacks by competitors or state interference. The mass media has even become a tool for gaining or consolidating a political and business position. There are many indications that, for similar reasons, the richest Czechs are also buying media outlets abroad in countries where they do business.
2021-02
Policy Paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
http://aei.pitt.edu/103810/1/Commentary_378.pdf
Debiec, Krysztof (2021) The Bohemianisation of the media. The acquisition of the Czech media sector by local billionaires. OSW Commentary Number 378 11.02.2021. [Policy Paper]
http://aei.pitt.edu/103810/